“Hoje, a vida é imunda, a ciência cega e a eloquência muda”: éthos, lógos e páthos nos sermões de Antônio de Lisboa/Pádua

• Autor(a) principal: Olenchuk, Émili Feitosa de Freitas
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/17105
• topic: Sermon; Saint Anthony; Rhetoric; Middle ages; Sermão; Santo Antônio; Retórica; Idade Média; Antonio, de Pádua, Santo, 1195–1231- Crítica e interpretação; Antonio, de Pádua, Santo, 1195–1231- Sermões; Retórica medieval; Sermões medievais; Sermões – História e crítica; Pregação; LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LETRAS::LITERATURA COMPARADA

The present work aims at examining the medieval religious rhetoric with the intention to surmise the profile of the ideal preacher present in the antonian sermons. Anthony of Lisbon / Padua, whose given name was Fernando Martins, lived in the period commonly designated as The Late Middle Ages (13th and 14th centuries) between the years 1191 and 1231. He attended the most prominent study centers in Portugal, such as the Monastery of Saint Vincent and the Mosteiro de Santa Cruz de Coimbra, which enabled him to assimilate the great knowledge that he would later use in his sermons and the fight against the heretics, especially the Cathars. In a time of religious turmoil, when the faithful demanded greater participation in ecclesiastical life, the mendicant movements became one of the main pillars of Rome: the Dominicans with their studies and preaching, and the Franciscans with their preaching especially through an exemplary life. It is also in this period that the art of preaching was best developed, stimulated by the social, economic, religious and cultural ferment of the time. Saint Anthony used all the knowledge acquired in the monasteries he attended, as well as the ars praedicandi of the period, showing himself to be quite familiar with the issues of his time. He severely criticized wicked priests and stood as a resounding echo of the canons of the Fourth Lateran Council being, therefore, considered The Hammer of the Church. In his sermons it is possible to verify the presence of many persuasive elements that aim at attaining the listener’s benevolence, thus, reaching the ultimate goal, which, according to Saint Augustine, is to instruct, convince and move. To achieve this purpose, Saint Anthony built a virtuous éthos based on solid philosophical and theological knowledge, using psychological methods widely to penetrate the reader hence proving to be an expert with a deep understanding of Rhetoric