Consumo alimentar e associação com ganho de peso em adolescente: Estudo Longitudinal de Avaliação Nutricional de Adolescentes (ELANA).

• Autor(a) principal: Aquino, Luana Azevedo de
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/4731
• topic: Dietary patterns; Processed food; Obesity; Adolescent; Longitudinal studies; Padrões alimentares; Alimentos processados; Obesidade; Adolescente; Estudos longitudinais; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA::EPIDEMIOLOGIA

This thesis had as an objective to evaluate the association of the consumption of dietary patterns and ultra-processed food products (UP) on anthropometrics indicators and its variation among adolescents. Thus, the data of 1,031 students of four private schools and two public schools of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro were analyzed during three consecutive years (2010 through 2012) at the Adolescent Nutritional Assessment Longitudinal Study (ELANA). The results are presented in three manuscripts that compose the thesis. The first manuscript identified three dietary patterns: Western , compounding pasta, processed meat and bacon, meat, sweets, sugar sweetened beverages, savoury snacks and fast-food, cookies, bread and cereals, milk and dairy products and eggs, the Healthy , characterized by fish, vegetables, greens, roots and starchy, fruits and juices and the Rice/ Beans , compounded by the consumption of rice, beans and coffee. In the data analyses of baseline the Western pattern was associated to a lower body mass index (BMI) and a statistically significant association regarding the percentage of body fat (%BF) and the related pattern was not noticed. Additionally, a negative association between the Rice and Beans pattern and both anthropometric indicators could be verified suggesting that this traditional dietary pattern could be protective for obesity. On the second manuscript, the relationship between the UP consumption and the diet quality markers was estimated. The UP consumption was reported in grams per day and in grams per total calories. An increase of not only of non-healthy diet quality markers but also healthy markers ones were observed with UP consumption increases. However, when related to the growth of UP/energy consumption, an increase on the non-healthy diet quality markers and, with the exception of vitamin C, a reduction of healthy markers could be observed. The UP consumption density proved to be a good marker of diet quality among adolescents. On the third manuscript, were evaluated the association between UP consumption and temporal evolution of BMI and %BF. The longitudinal analyses by linear mixed models, which take into account all the observations during the time, indicated that on crude analyses there was a negative association between the UP consumption, BMI and %BF, however in the UP/energy analyses and adjusted analyses for physical activity and a control variable for the reporting quality no more associations were observed with the UP consumption and anthropometric adiposity measures. It is possible to conclude that there was no association of UP consumption and anthropometric adiposity measures since the high UP associated with the increase of %BF in the cross sectional analyses no remained in the longitudinal analyses. The discrepancy between the findings of cross-sectional studies and longitudinal may be due to residual confounding in cross-sectional studies. It could be concluded that, for reduction of excessive weight gain, guidelines exclusively related to the healthy eating pattern that incorporates an idea of UP, must be accompanied by reduction of consumed foods quantity.