(Re)significando o climatério de mulheres que o vivenciam na perspectiva do interacionismo simbólico

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Zulmerinda Meira
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11102
• topic: The climacteric; Nursing; Aging; Symbolic Interactionism; Women s health; Climatério; Enfermagem; Envelhecimento; Interacionismo Simbólico; Saúde da mulher; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

This is a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study aiming to understand the meanings attributed by women to the climacteric in the perspective of symbolic interactionism, as well as its repercussions in the various dimensions of their daily life. It was assumed that, in the perspective of symbolic interactionism, (re) signifying the climacteric for women who experience it will have repercussions on autonomy and freedom, placing them as protagonists in coping with the inherent changes in this phase of life. The objective of this study was to analyze, from the perspective of symbolic interactionism, the signification process of women undergoing the climacteric and to analyze, from the perspective of symbolic interactionism, its influence on the social interactions of these women. As setting, we used the State University of Southwest Bahia, Jequié Campus. The technique of data collection was a semi-structured individual interview, at predetermined times, between the researcher and the participants, in places with less movement of people to maintain privacy and having less possibility of interruptions. To support the interview technique, a pre-elaborated script was used. The interviews were recorded on a mp7 recorder voice recorder, transcribed and preserved in full in their original speech. The participants were 17 women aged between 43 and 64 years and the inclusion criteria were women who were experiencing or had experienced the climacteric. The number of participants was based on theoretical saturation. The participants who agreed to the study signed the consent forms in two ways. The project was approved by CEP ruling N° 2.187.889. The data were analyzed and organized in accordance with Grounded Theory. Six categories and a central category emerged that were discussed based on symbolic interactionism. The results pointed out that the study participants understand the climacteric as an inevitable process, as well as the physical and emotional changes inherent to it. They showed moments of acceptance and rejection. They recognized that a healthy lifestyle, family structure, religion, work, friends, work colleagues, travel, the doctor, are strategies or social segments that help in understanding this phenomenon, in its resignification and in overcoming the changes it brings along, naturalized or not. They also pursue coping strategies through the ability to interpret culturally the experienced situations. Thus, they go through times when they do not give up the medicalization, but at other times they opt for demedicalization, living in constant indecision. The senses attributed to the characteristics of the climacteric emerge in this study from the interaction established with themselves and with their social group. For women, the climacteric is a process of transition in life, during which they can oscillate between their conception based on meanings linked to the medicalized and demedicalized worldview, from which they act and interact socially.