Desenvolvimento e produção de metabólitos de arruda (Ruta graveolens L.) exposta a substratos contaminados por hidrocarbonetos de petróleo

• Autor(a) principal: Lemos, Siomara Dias da Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/14303
• topic: Rue; Soil; Bioremediation; In vitro culture; Plant metabolism; Arruda; Solo; Biorremediação; Cultivo in vitro; Metabolismo vegetal; Plantas medicinais - Propagação-in-vitro; Biorremediação; Plantas - Metabolismo; Fisiologia vegetal; CNPQ::OUTROS

The synthesis of biologically active molecules by some plant species is known as a defence strategy in response to adverse environmental conditions. Due to this synthesis, plant species have been the focus of research in medical therapy, pharmaceutical, cosmet ic and food industries. The possibility that petroleum hydrocarbons released in the soil can act as elicitor agents of plant metabolism has raised scientific attention. The present study aimed to evaluate the germination and plant growth, as well as morphological and metabolic responses of Ruta graveolens L. (Rutaceae) in the presence of crude oil and oil-based products. The study also aimed to assess growth potential of this species in contaminated areas, based on the hypothesis that such contaminants are able to increase the production of substances of interest, without significant reduction in biomass. The studies included (i) in vivo germination in contaminated partially bioremediated soils, as well as in soil recently contaminated with crude oil (0.8% and 2.8%) and commercial diesel S50 (0% to 6.0%), being the last one used for evaluation of biomass production; (ii) in vitro germination on MS medium contaminated with phenanthrene (1.0; 5.0 and 10.0 mg/L) and benzo[a]pyrene (0.001; 0.010 and 0.100 mg/L), where plant development and biomass production were evaluated; (iii) physiological responses to the exposure to phenanthrene or benzo[a]pyrene. The germination was significantly reduced in contaminated soils, especially in the soil partially biorremediated by biostimulation. No significant reduction were observed in germination in vivo in soil contaminated with crude oil, bioremediated and contaminated with diesel. However, the postgermination development was significantly affected under these conditions. There were no significant changes in the germination capacity, plant growth or biomass production in vitro in concentrations up to 10 mg/L of phenanthrene and up to 0.1 mg/L of benzo [a] pyrene. Plant propagation in vitro could be achieved in presence of the contaminants with no hormonal supplementation. The presence of phenanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene in vitro did not significantly changed the levels of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids synthetized, and there was no change (qualitatively) in the phytochemical profile of the species, based on the presence of rutin. It was concluded is that the R. graveolens has potential to be used in biomonitoring of contaminated soils, and since it is able to produce specific metabolites and it is tolerant to the presence of selected hydrocarbons in vitro, it might be able to grow on soils contaminated at the levels investigated in the present study