Perspectiva temporal e fatores associados entre pessoas que vivem com HIV: implicações para o cuidado de saúde

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Daniela Sousa
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11103
• topic: Perception of time; Serodiagnosis of aids; Health-related behaviors; Quality of life related to health; Self-care; Health care; Percepção do tempo; Sorodiagnóstico da aids; Comportamentos relacionados com a saúde; Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde; Autocuidado; Cuidados de saúde; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

The objective of this study was to analyze the established associations of sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral and attitudinal variables with the time perspectives assumed by people living with HIV, with a view to contributing to the planning of health care and self-care. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out, with 281 people living with HIV in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Niteroi-Brazil, users who used referral centers to care for people with HIV. Non-probabilistic sampling, of convenience, was chosen, based on the information provided by the services of the quantitative of clients in a follow-up, composing the universe of this study. Two data collection instruments were used: the sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral and attitudinal data instrument (independent variables); and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory - ZTPI (dependent variables). The data analysis was performed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. The analysis of the data concerning the sociodemographic aspects occurred through measures of central tendency and dispersion. After verification of the correlation analyzes, simple and multiple linear regression analyzes were performed that were conducted to evaluate the relationship of sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral and attitudinal variables with the scores of each subscale of the time perspective. In the time perspective evaluation, mean scores ranged from 2.75 (hedonistic present) to 3.85 (future). In this sense, it was verified that the people living with HIV of the studied sample presented more orientation for the future and less orientation for the present fatalistic and hedonistic present; higher schooling was associated with less orientation to the negative past, while considering that patient favored orientation towards the negative past; the longer time of use of HAART was associated with less orientation to the positive past, while the positive health status favored orientation towards the positive past; older age, female sex and the use of HAART favored the orientation towards this fatalistic present, while higher schooling was associated with less orientation to this temporal dimension; older age and schooling were associated with lower hedonistic orientation; the occupation with paid activity and the positive state of health favored the orientation towards the future. The importance of future studies on the subject is emphasized and, in practice, it is recommended that health professionals receive qualified listening through the reception of a person living with HIV. These professionals, when considering the time perspective as a predictor of favorable behaviors or risk to health, may stimulate the individual to be the protagonist of self-care and to lead a healthy life, especially if efforts are made towards a comprehensive approach to health care.