Consumo alimentar e pressão arterial de adolescentes de escolas públicas do município de Duque de Caxias - RJ: ensaio comunitário randomizado.

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Bárbara da Silva Nalin de
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/4725
• topic: Blood pressure; Food consumption, Adolescent; Randomized controlled trial; Pressão arterial; Consumo de alimentos; Adolescente; Ensaio clínico controlado randomizado; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA::EPIDEMIOLOGIA

This thesis consists of two articles that evaluated the relationship between blood pressure and dietary intake in adolescents, as the secondary aim of the randomized community trial named PAPPAS (Parents, Students and Teachers Through Healthy Eating), conducted with students in the 5th grade of twenty public schools in the municipality of Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro. The main aim of the study was to reduce excessive weight gain in adolescents using interventions encouraging the consumption of fruits and beans and discouraging the consumption of sweetened beverages and cookies. The project was conducted during the school year of 2010. Data about dietary intake and anthropometric measures were collected in three phases: (1) beginning of the school year, (2) middle of the school year and (3) end of the school year. Blood pressure was measured in phases 2 and 3. Nine sessions of intervention about nutritional education were performed. Parents/guardians and teachers received information and materials on the same topics covered in the classroom. Statistical analyses considered missing data and the cluster effect. In the first article, the effect of the intervention on blood pressure of students is presented. The dietary habits among adolescents are inadequate and reduction of cookies and soft drinks consumption, as well as increase of fruits consumption may reduce blood pressure. The findings in this population of adolescents with very low prevalence of hypertension, suggest that changes in the quality of diet may change BP independent of possible changes in BMI. These results highlight the importance of promoting healthy eating behaviors to prevent cardiovascular diseases later in life. In the second article, in a cross-sectional analysis, it was investigate the association between blood pressure and soft drink consumption. The consumption of soft drinks is common in Brazilian adolescents. Diet/light soft drinks consumers, followed by sugar-sweetened consumers, presented higher blood pressure indicating that reduction of soft drink frequency of consumption is important, as well as the prevention of substitution of sugar-sweetened beverages by diet/light beverages. The present results suggest that inadequate food choices and dietary habits among adolescents may be associated with higher blood pressure.