Educação e ativismos antigênero no Brasil: o Plano Municipal de Educação de Niterói (2016)

• Autor(a) principal: Ferreira, Luciana Gomes
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/20208
• topic: Gender; Sexuality; Gender ideology; Education plan; Education public health; Gênero; Sexualidade; Ideologia de gênero; Plano de educação; Política educacional; Educação; Gênero; Política e educação; Niterói; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA

The present thesis presents the findings of a doctoral research study aimed at analyzing the conditions and dynamics of disputes recently developed at the local level concerning the inclusion of themes referring to gender and sexuality in the formulation and adoption of public policies for education. More specifically, the study investigated the legislative approval process of the most recent Municipal Education Plan of Niterói (PMEN). To this end, the stages of formulation and debate of the document that originated it were reconstructed, and the main actors involved in the process were identified, along with the arguments they employed. This investigation was conducted through the collection and analysis of documentary sources that provided information about the formulation, processing, and debate of the PMEN. The bill submitted to the Chamber of Niterói to establish the most recent education plan underwent changes, primarily in item 5 of chapter VI, originally titled “Education and Gender Diversity.” The changes affected the terms “gender”, “sexual orientation”, “gender identity”, “homophobia”, and “lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites, transsexuals, and transgender people (LGBT)” which were removed from all goals and actions of the item in which they were mentioned. These alterations were deliberate results of anti-gender offensives during the legislative approval process of Bill 86/2016, marked by various confrontations in which the category “gender ideology” became central. This category was employed to foster moral panics concerning the alleged effects that would ensue from the imposition of this purported ideological system in schools in Niterói. Among these threats were the danger of “child eroticization” and the undermining of parental primacy in the moral education of their children - understood as an inviolable right of the family. At the core of this panic was the belief that sex is an expression of nature, rejecting the idea that differences and inequalities between men and women are socially constructed. As a strategy, anti-gender actors strategically mobilized legal devices to curtail initiatives aimed at promoting respect for sexual and gender diversity and recognizing sexual and reproductive rights as human rights. In doing so, they distorted the content of such legal devices, bringing concerns about the regulation of sexuality, grounded in religious morality, into the realm of law, thus seeking to establish limits for the rights demanded by feminist and LGBT movements. Consequently, resorting to the notion of “gender ideology”, as observed throughout the legislative approval process of Bill 86/2016 expressed a position opposing the advances of women’s and LGBT movements in sexual politics. It is ultimately observed that these actors converge with the strategies and rhetoric of a transnational anti-gender activism that contests the very limits of the extension of democratic logic in contemporary societies. In this sense, the actors who adhered to this rhetoric in the case of the Niterói PME debate inserted themselves into social dynamics that are not restricted to this locality or to the debate on education.