Movimentos sociais e descentramento das identidades coletivas no Brasil contemporâneo: da pluralização às identidades ciber-orientadas

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Natasha Bachini
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/17438
• topic: Social movements; Collective identities; Cyber-oriented identities; June journeys; Activism in Brazil; Movimentos sociais; Identidades coletivas; Identidades ciber-orientadas; Jornadas de junho; Ativismo no Brasil; Movimentos sociais - Brasil; Identidade social - Brasil; Internet e ativismo; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::SOCIOLOGIA::OUTRAS SOCIOLOGIAS ESPECIFICAS

In this thesis, we analyzed the reconfigurations of collective identities in contemporary Brazil, observing their progressive decentring in conjunction with the trends observed in world activism. We argued that this phenomenon of detachment between organizational and collective identities is fundamentally associated with others: the diffusion of the anti-institutional framework and the political appropriation of social media. In order to substantiate this hypothesis, it discusses the main theories and studies on the symbolic dimension of collective action and social movements. Next, we analyzed the main elements observed by these studies - the pluralization of identities, the transnationalization of solidarities and cyberactivism - and others peculiar of the Brazilian context, such as the civicparticipative identity. This effort was made from a socio-historical perspective in the reconfiguration of collective identities in Brazil throughout the country's re-democratization cycle, which began in the 1970s and ended in the decade of 2010, the focus period of this study. The analysis of collective action in Brazil on this last interval has as its starting point the June Journeys, the phenomenon that marks this reconfiguration process of identities, and was empirically guided by the combination of the different research techniques: conjuncture analysis, analysis press publications, network analysis, discourse analysis and semi-structured interviews with militants who participated in the most important protests observed in the period in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The results show that the two organizing processes for the reconfiguration of collective identities in Brazil, the connective action and the diffusion of the anti-institutional framework, had as their first point of convergence the June Journeys when the emergence and strength of cyber-oriented identities were observed in the country. This new type of collective identity is shaped by the political appropriation of social media and a concept of collective action that rejects the hierarchical forms of social movements and traditional political institutions in general. These elements were observed first in the associations of the libertarian left and sparked a societal overflow, incorporating people into collective action without militant experience and being subsequently re-appropriated by right-wing groups, who catalyzed the feeling of widespread indignation and turning it into an antipetista identity. Thereby, the right-wing groups mobilized the pro-impeachment protests, consolidated themselves on the political scene and won the 2018 elections, the date on which the popular-democratic cycle comes to an end.