Análise de meteoritos por técnicas não destrutivas com aplicações para astrobiologia

• Autor(a) principal: Dias, Bruno Leonardo do Nascimento
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12963
• topic: μCT; μXRF; μRaman; meteorites; Exobiology; μCT; μXRF; μRaman; meteoritos; Exobiologia; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA::FISICA DA MATERIA CONDENSADA

Meteorites are excellent study materials for the planetary sciences because they are historical artifacts of the solar nebula that have information on the characteristics of the chemical evolution and physical of the primordial material that formed a large part of the planets and other bodies of our solar system. In addition, meteorites have innumerable implications for the study of life in the solar system and consequently for Astrobiology. Carbonaceous meteorites, for example, have a structure based on carbon and organic compounds. Other examples are the Martian meteorites and the lunar ones. Martian meteorites can provide us with information regarding the possibility of knowing whether in the present or recent past of Mars there were living conditions in which life could have been established. And in lunar meteorites it is possible to study the process of the Moon's origin and its relation to the formation of our planet. In this way, the work was developed through the samples of 3 Martian meteorites (NWA 6963, NWA 7397 and Zagami), 1 lunar meteorite (NWA 8277) and 2 other carbonaceous chondrite meteorites (Murchison and Allende). These meteorological samples were analyzed by means of non-destructive analytical techniques, with the objective of demonstrating how these techniques can be used to assist in the study and characterization of extraterrestrial geological materials in an enlightening, non-destructive and well illustrative way to have relevance for the Astrobiology in the understanding of the astrophysical processes that occurred during evolution of our solar system. Thus, the methodology used to acquire images of possible incrustations and the internal structural configuration of these materials was carried out through the technique of computerized microtomography and the analyzes of the chemical composition of these meteorites were obtained by means of Raman and X-ray Fluorescence techniques. The results obtained from the development of this type of methodology were very efficient, since it was possible to obtain data on the structural formation, chemical and mineralogical composition of the meteorites without the need of the preparation of the samples, which usually causes the loss of the original information of the analyzed material.