A consulta ginecológica na adolescência sob a ótica dos ginecologistas e das adolescentes

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Sandra de Morais
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/8557
• topic: Adolescence; Anticonception; Medical consultation; Gynecology; Sexuality; Adolescência; Anticoncepção; Consulta médica; Ginecologia; Sexualidade; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA::CLINICA MEDICA::GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRICIA

The qualified gynecological consultation with adolescents has become an increasing necessity nowadays due to the early occurrence of sexual activity and as consequence, the increase of unplanned pregnancies, STD and the probability of cervical cancer. This study had the objective of evaluating the gynecological consultation under the doctors and adolescents point of view. Investigations with qualitative and quantitative methods were made to achieve it, with the predominance of the latter. In the qualitative method, we conducted an analysis of the phenomenon in-depth studied during the interviews with adolescents and gynecologists. A crosssectional study was developed by structured questionary applied to 191 gynecologists from the Associação de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia do Estado do Rio de Janeiro and to 418 high school students (Federal, State and Private) from Rio de Janeiro. Data collected included personal information, professional qualification, procedures during gynecological consultation and about the necessity of specific training for the adolescents' consultations. The students' interview dealt with social and demographic aspects, sexual behavior and evaluation of gynecological consultation. To analyze the data we used the Chi-square test and the Student's t. The results showed no significant differences between students from private and federal schools, but presented distinct characteristics when compared to the state school girls answers. The latter, with the predominance of afro-descendents, their parents had lower education levels, and worse house conditions. These students presented a higher number of pregnancies, abortions and sexual partners, and sexual violence history, they had later contact with gynecological consultation due to the difficulty of access to sexual and reproductive health outpatient clinic. The three groups of students showed the common wish for more time with the physician, patience and availability from the professional during the gynecological consultation. According to the doctors, the younger and female gynecologists presented an attitude considered more conservative in medical procedures. The participants informed that the main obstacle for their clinical practice consisted in more time spent with teen patients and also highlighted the importance of specific training and of the adoption of colpocytologic exams more frequently. We concluded that there is a necessity for new strategies that could facilitate access and adhesion of this age group to a gynecological routine of prevention and professional training aimed at this specific group. This work offers contribution to the knowledge of gynecological consultation and identifies the need for improving quality in the gynecological assistance targeted at this age group in order to decrease problems originated from early and unprotected sexual activity among adolescents.