O consumo de bebida alcoólica durante a gestação na perspectiva de Afaf Meleis: contribuição para a enfermagem

• Autor(a) principal: Caires, Tharine Louise Gonçalves
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11169
• topic: Pregnant women; Use of alcohol; Nursing; Gestantes; Uso de álcool; Enfermagem; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Nowadays a growing number of pregnant women made use of alcohol however the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends alcohol withdrawal during pregnancy period. Study object: practice of the nurse with women who made use of alcohol during pregnancy period. General objective: to discuss practice of the nurse in the prevention of the consumption of alcohol during pregnancy period. Method: Qualitative research, descriptive, exploratory with use of the Life Story method. Data were collected in five Psychosocial Atencion Center alchol and drugs (CAPSad) in Rio de Janeiro county with open interview and orienting question: Tell me about your life about alcohol during pregnancy period and the orientations received by women during prenatal period . In addition, in four Health Municipal Centers (CMS), in which four nurses were interviewed acting on prenatal period, with orienting question: Tell me about your practice with pregnant who intake alcohol . Interviews carried out between February and May of 2016, by acceptance and signed Consent Form (TCLE). Inclusion criteria of women: over 18 years old, use of alcohol during pregnancy period, and who are in treatment in the CAPSad. About nurses: to realize prenatal nursing consultations. Project obtained approval in the Research Ethics Committee under No. 1.205.233. All interviews were transcribed in its entirety. After re-transcriptions, re-readings and re-codifications were grouped, summarized and gave rise to the analytical categories that were analyzed comparatively and through thematic analysis. Results: the category Feminine Vulnerability and two subcategories emerged from the narratives: the consumption of alcohol by women during pregnancy period and practice of nurses in the prevention of the consumption of alcohol. Narratives were analyzed from theoretical framework of vulnerability and theory of transition perspective. All thematic unities evidenced lack of information on hazards/damages caused by alcohol that could affect the pregnant woman and the fetus. Women omit the consumption in the prenatal consultations. They fear that the professionals would criticize them. They are afraid of killing the baby due to this consumption, but continue to drink. They suspect that the type and amount of alcohol interfere in the fetal development. Nurses do not know about the hazards of the alcohol use during pregnancy period. They fail to capture pregnant women that made use of this substance. They accept that social drinking does not result in damages to the pregnant woman and the fetus. The concept of vulnerability made possible to understand the vulnerabilities experienced by pregnant women who made use of alcohol, as well as nurses, involving social, individual and programmatic questions. The theory of transition points out that the practice of the nurse shall, providing healthy results to the transitions, leading to the recovery of well-being through the provision of care based on the only experiences of individuals. Conclusion: this study made possible to understand the lived experiences of women during pregnancy period who are being treated in the CAPSad for alcohol abuse. Evidenced how the Nursing have been practicing in the prevention of this substance during prenatal consultations. The narratives analysis showed that the alcohol abuse is a complex process, which involves psychological, cultural, social and organizational factors.