Estudo de corte transversal sobre a função endotelial associada à aptidão física e características antropométricas de alunos do CAP UERJ

• Autor(a) principal: Machado, Elisabeth de Amorim
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12799
• topic: Obesity; Physical activity; Physical fitness; Endothelial dysfunction; Physical inactivity; Peripheral arterial tonometry; Adolescents; Obesidade; Atividade física; Aptidão cardiorrespiratória; Disfunção endotelial; Sedentarismo; Tonometria arterial periférica; Adolescentes; Obesidade em adolescentes; Exercícios físicos; Endotélio Aspectos fisiológicos Epidemiologia; Adolescentes Fisiologia; Pessoas sedentárias; Manometria; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA

The prevalence of physical inactivity among school children raises concerns due to its relationship with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Such diseases, in general, develop from an atherosclerotic process derived from endothelial dysfunction and may start silently in first decades of life. Therefore, the assessment of endothelial function is considered as an early risk marker for the development of cardiovascular disease and can be used to plan and conduct programs for reducing the probability of a future event. The current study aimed to identify the possible relationships between levels of physical fitness and physical activity habits and microcirculatory responses, translated by endothelial function in adolescents with and without excess weight. The hypothesis proposed was tested through a cross-sectional study conducted with 114 students aged between 15 and 20 years from the Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. The studied population was stratified in 3 different ways: the first was defined by physical activity, using the score obtained by the responses to the PAQ-C questionnaire, and the body mass index (BMI), forming 4 different groups: sedentary with excess weight (SEP); sedentary eutrophic (SEU); active with excess weight (AEP); and active eutrophic (AEU). The second was defined by cardiorespiratory fitness, using the performance in the yoyo endurance test level 1, and BMI: low performance with excess weight (BPEX); low performance and eutrophic (BPEU); high performance with excess weight (APEP); and high performance and eutrophic (APEU). The third stratification was defined by cardiorespiratory fitness and gender. We evaluated the adiposity measuring waist, hip and abdomen circunferences, and the calculation of waist-hip ratio (C / Q) and waist-height (RCE) ratio. Blood pressure was assessed by digital equipment and vascular reactivity by the examination of peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPat 2000). The behavior of the autonomic nervous system was assessed by heart rate variability (HRV). There were no differences in endothelial function between the groups although 42% of the study population had endothelial dysfunction. The association between waist-height ratio and vascular reactivity was present among girls, and cardiorespiratory fitness was able to influence this association. The low-performance girls (BP) had abdominal circumference and BMI greater than the high-performance (AP). The students classified as active showed higher heart rate variability than those classified as sedentary. Among the subgroups stratified by cardiorespiratory fitness, those with low performance (BPEU and BPEX) presented significantly different values in SBP and DBP, being higher in those with excess weight. The cardiac autonomic variables presented, in an inexplicable way, an inverse behavior of the expected one, being observed, in the overweight groups, greater parasympathetic activity and less sympathetic activity than in the eutrophic ones. We conclude that in the adolescents studied, despite differences in cardiorespiratory profile and physical activity habits, there was no difference in endothelial function, with the method used and it was not possible support the hypothesis proposed yet.