Fermentação alcoólica de hidrolisado de farelo de mandioca usando levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae álcool resistente

• Autor(a) principal: Valeriano, Ixthá Hasselmann
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11986
• topic: Waste starch; cassava bagasse; enzymatic hydrolysis; ethanol; fermentation; Resíduo amiláceo; farelo de mandioca; hidrólise enzimática; etanol; fermentação alcoólica; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::TECNOLOGIA QUIMICA

The world energy matrix is based on fossil and renewable sources. In Brazil, bioethanol is generated mainly from sugarcane. Agro-industrial wastes (cellulosic or starchy sources) emerge as an alternative to sugarcane biomass, in order to increase this renewable fuel competitiveness against fossil ones, and also promote sustainability, food security and energy security, because they are rich in polysaccharides (not directly fermentable), abundant (environmental problem), and have low commercial value. The cassava bagasse is an example of a solid waste originated from starch and cassava flour industries, which still contains on average 75% of starch. Consequently, it should be hydrolyzed and then fermented by Saccharomyces yeasts in order to generate ethanol. This study aimed to produce bioethanol from enzymatic hydrolysate of cassava bagasse, using alcohol resistant (AR) yeast. At first, the concentration of sugars obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis was verified using a full factorial design (24) with triplicate at the center point to investigate the influence of α-amylase concentration (Termamyl 2X), liquefaction time, glucoamylase concentration (AMG 300L), and saccharification time. The best condition of hydrolysis was 0,270 mL of Termamyl/g starch, 1h of liquefaction, 0,517 mL of AMG/g starch, and 2h of saccharification. The resultant syrup of the chosen condition achieves high levels of glucose (160 g/L). Alcoholic fermentation assays were performed in duplicate in a 3L bioreactor under batch regime at 30°C, 100 rpm and pH 5.5. About 3 g/L (dry weight) of an alcohol tolerant yeast strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen BY4741, grown for 12 h in YEDP medium (2% glucose), were used as inoculum. The fermentation broth consisted of one liter of hydrolysate (160 g/L of glucose) supplemented with yeast extract (1%) and meat peptone (1%), plus the addition of an antifoam (Tween 80) in a concentration of 0.05% (w/v). At 30 hours of fermentation, the average ethanol concentration obtained was 65 g/L. The efficiency was 87.6% and the yield and the productivity were, respectively, 0.448 and 2.16 g/L.h. The results indicated the applicability of cassava bagasse as raw material for bioethanol production