Influência dos hábitos alimentares nos parâmetros bioquímicos e antropométricos de pacientes com doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Renata Pereira da
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/4933
• topic: Dieta; Fígado – Síndrome metabólica; Doença hepática; Fígado gorduroso não alcoólico; Antropometria; Diet; Liver - Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic syndrome; Liver disease; Fatty liver disease nonalcoholic; Anthropometry; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO; Obesity

The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of liver damage ranging from simple triglyceride accumulation in hepatocytes, hepatic steatosis, to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which, in addition to steatosis present as inflammatory injury, fibrosis and ballooning hepatocytes, which may lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Its prevalence has increased worldwide due to the strong relationship to obesity and diabetes mellitus. The etiology and pathogenesis of NAFLD, although not fully elucidated, show a strong association with insulin resistance, and is now considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. However, it can be triggered by other factors such as prolonged total parenteral nutrition, bariatric surgery, protein-calorie malnutrition and drug use. Although the true prevalence is unknown, NAFLD has emerged as a chronic liver condition more common in the western world. Given the lack of effective pharmacological treatment, current guidelines for the treatment of NAFLD recommend weight loss, through the adoption of low-calorie diet and regular physical exercise as the first option in the management of this disorder. The role of diet in metabolic regulation through the effect of hormones on transcription factors and lipid metabolism is considered a key factor in NAFLD. However, dietary composition and the optimal ratio of nutrients to promote improvement in metabolic health of these individuals have not been established. To contribute to the discussion, this paper presents a review chapter, entitled Fatty liver disease nonalcoholic: pathophysiological and nutrition, which gathers information from the scientific literature on NAFLD, addressing the general aspects of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and the role of diet in the onset and progression of NAFLD. The second chapter consists of an original article, the result of a study entitled Food habits and their relationship with anthropometric, biochemical and clinical parameters in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver, which investigated the dietary intake of patients with NAFLD and the possible correlation between the nutrient intake and anthropometric and biochemical variables in these patients. The results indicated that patients with NAFLD showed the higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, low HDL- c and higher intake of calories, carbohydrates, protein, iron and zinc, when compared to the control group. Food consumption among the patients studied may be linked to risk factors related to NAFLD and cardiometabolic diseases.