THE URBAN AND RURAL GULLIES IN BRAZIL

• Autor(a) principal: Bueno Francisco, Alyson
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: GeoTextos (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://periodicos.ufba.br/index.php/geotextos/article/view/54663
• topic: Erosão; Desertificação; Arenização; Drenagem; Recuperação; Erosion; Desertification; Arenization; Drainage; Recuperation

The gullies are great erosive forms of degraded areas in Brazilian territory; they are distributed by rural and urban geographical spaces, related with land cover, climatic conditions, slopes and soil types. This article presents a synthesis referential of gullies and national and international names; with examples in various Brazilian states represented by cartography in topographic scale. The maps of gullies in São Francisco de Assis (Rio Grande do Sul), Gilbués (Piauí), Buriticupu (Maranhão), Ouro Preto (Minas Gerais), Rio Claro (Rio de Janeiro) e Quatá (São Paulo); and remote sensing images of Manaus and Bauru are results of geographical analysis and knowledge by causes of development this erosion processes. The rural gullies have climatic conditions, action trampling of the herd, soil’s fragilities, absence of vegetation cover in steep areas, considering that even in colinous relief with low slope, degradation conditions can develop the gullies. In the case of urban gullies, the lack of urban drainage projects to direct rainwater to the receiving watercourse was notable, with concentration of rainwater in drainage and upstream erosion. There are practices of control of the gullies with implantation of palisades in lateral ravines, revegetation of the headboard and bottom of the great erosive forms. In relation to the urban gullies, there are projects for the implementation of an urban drainage system to avoid upstream erosion and zoning of risk areas.