HIV-1 seroprevalence in the general population of Salvador, Bahia State, Northeast Brazil

• Autor(a) principal: Dourado, Maria Inês Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Outros Autores: Milroy, Craig A., Mello, Marco Antônio Gomes, Ferradp, Geraldo Argolo, Lima Filho, Humberto Castro, Guimarães, Monick Lindenmeyer, Morgado, Mariza Gonçalves, Teixeira, Maria da Glória Lima Cruz, Barreto, Mauricio Lima, Castro, Bernardo Galvão
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFBA
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/6262
• topic: HIV-1; HIV Seroprevalence; Cross-sectional Studies; Soroprevalência de HIV; Estudos Transversais

To estimate HIV-1 seroprevalence in the general population of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 3,437 residents from 1998 to 2000. Subjects were drawn from 30 sentinel areas representing a wide range of living conditions. Plasma samples were screened for HIV-1 antibodies by ELISA and confirmed by immunofluorescent assay. Subtype determination by HMA was performed after proviral DNA amplification. Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony was performed with the neighbor-joining method. Overall HIV-1 seroprevalence was 0.55% (19/3,446): 0.8% for men and 0.36% for women. Seroprevalence was higher in the 31-45-year age group (1%) and among persons with family income less than twice the minimum wage (0.78%) as compared to 0.33% for the higher income group. Syphilis was detected in 37% of HIV seropositive individuals. Phylogenetic inferences identified 10 samples as subtype B in the env region and 2 samples with Benv/Fgag/Fpol and Fenv/Bgag. Age > 30 years, male gender, and income < 2 times the minimum wage were identified as risk factors for HIV-1 infection. Extrapolating the proportion of seropositive individuals to Salvador, the number of HIV-1 infected individuals was estimated at 13,750.