On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomalies
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Argumentos : Revista de Filosofia (Online) |
Texto Completo: | http://periodicos.ufc.br/argumentos/article/view/19961 |
Resumo: | An investigation of what might be called the logical formalization of the process of theory change due to anomalies is presented. By anomaly we mean an observed fact falling into the explanatory scope of a theory that does not agree with the theory prevision. A classical approach to restore the explicative power of a theory faced with an anomaly is to propose new, tentative auxiliary hypotheses which, along with part of the old set of auxiliary hypotheses, are able to solve the anomaly. After laying down some conclusions about the structure of such process, we propose a multi-modal and nonmonotonic logical framework able to represent some key aspects of this important facet of the dynamics of scientific theories. Due to the necessity of accommodating incompatible tentative hypotheses, this framework incorporates a weak form of paraconsistency. As a case study, we analyze the anomalous behavior of the planet Uranus which threatened the Newtonian celestial mechanics for more than half a century and gave rise to the discovery of Neptune. |
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Argumentos : Revista de Filosofia (Online) |
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On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomaliesSobre a formalização lógica de mudança de teorias e anomalias científicasScientific anomalies. Neptune and Uranus. Dynamics of scientific theories. Nonmonotonic logic.Anomalia científica. Lógica não monotônica. Lógica paraconsistente. Lógica modal. Descoberta de Netuno.An investigation of what might be called the logical formalization of the process of theory change due to anomalies is presented. By anomaly we mean an observed fact falling into the explanatory scope of a theory that does not agree with the theory prevision. A classical approach to restore the explicative power of a theory faced with an anomaly is to propose new, tentative auxiliary hypotheses which, along with part of the old set of auxiliary hypotheses, are able to solve the anomaly. After laying down some conclusions about the structure of such process, we propose a multi-modal and nonmonotonic logical framework able to represent some key aspects of this important facet of the dynamics of scientific theories. Due to the necessity of accommodating incompatible tentative hypotheses, this framework incorporates a weak form of paraconsistency. As a case study, we analyze the anomalous behavior of the planet Uranus which threatened the Newtonian celestial mechanics for more than half a century and gave rise to the discovery of Neptune. Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma investigação do que poderia ser chamado de formalização lógica do processo de mudança de teorias devido a anomalias. Por anomalia entende-se um fato observado que faz parte do escopo explanatório de uma teoria, mas que vai de encontro à previsão da mesma. Uma abordagem clássica para restaurar o poder explicativo de uma teoria ameaçada por uma anomalia é a postulação de hipóteses novas e provisórias que, em conjunto com as demais hipóteses auxiliares originais, sejam capazes de resolver a anomalia. Após chegar à algumas conclusões sobre a estrutura de tal processo, propomos um framework lógico multimodal e não-monotônico capaz de representar alguns aspectos-chave dessa faceta importante da dinâmica de teorias científicas. Devido à necessidade de acomodar hipóteses provisórias incompatíveis, esse framework incorpora uma forma fraca de paraconsistência. Como um estudo de caso, analisamos o comportamento anômalo do planeta Urano que ameaçou a mecânica celeste Newtoniana por mais de meio século e ensejou a descoberta do planeta Netuno. Universidade Federal do Ceará2017-07-31info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://periodicos.ufc.br/argumentos/article/view/19961Argumentos - Revista de Filosofia; No 17Argumentos - Periódico de Filosofia; Núm. 17Argumentos - Revista de Filosofia; n. 171984-42551984-4247reponame:Argumentos : Revista de Filosofia (Online)instname:Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)instacron:UFCporhttp://periodicos.ufc.br/argumentos/article/view/19961/30639Copyright (c) 2017 Argumentos - Revista de Filosofiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSilvestre, Ricardo Sousa2021-07-23T00:54:14Zoai:periodicos.ufc:article/19961Revistahttp://www.filosofia.ufc.br/argumentosPUBhttp://periodicos.ufc.br/argumentos/oaiargumentos@ufc.br||1984-42551984-4247opendoar:2021-07-23T00:54:14Argumentos : Revista de Filosofia (Online) - Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomalies Sobre a formalização lógica de mudança de teorias e anomalias científicas |
title |
On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomalies |
spellingShingle |
On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomalies Silvestre, Ricardo Sousa Scientific anomalies. Neptune and Uranus. Dynamics of scientific theories. Nonmonotonic logic. Anomalia científica. Lógica não monotônica. Lógica paraconsistente. Lógica modal. Descoberta de Netuno. |
title_short |
On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomalies |
title_full |
On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomalies |
title_fullStr |
On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomalies |
title_full_unstemmed |
On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomalies |
title_sort |
On the logical formalization of theory change and scientific anomalies |
author |
Silvestre, Ricardo Sousa |
author_facet |
Silvestre, Ricardo Sousa |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silvestre, Ricardo Sousa |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Scientific anomalies. Neptune and Uranus. Dynamics of scientific theories. Nonmonotonic logic. Anomalia científica. Lógica não monotônica. Lógica paraconsistente. Lógica modal. Descoberta de Netuno. |
topic |
Scientific anomalies. Neptune and Uranus. Dynamics of scientific theories. Nonmonotonic logic. Anomalia científica. Lógica não monotônica. Lógica paraconsistente. Lógica modal. Descoberta de Netuno. |
description |
An investigation of what might be called the logical formalization of the process of theory change due to anomalies is presented. By anomaly we mean an observed fact falling into the explanatory scope of a theory that does not agree with the theory prevision. A classical approach to restore the explicative power of a theory faced with an anomaly is to propose new, tentative auxiliary hypotheses which, along with part of the old set of auxiliary hypotheses, are able to solve the anomaly. After laying down some conclusions about the structure of such process, we propose a multi-modal and nonmonotonic logical framework able to represent some key aspects of this important facet of the dynamics of scientific theories. Due to the necessity of accommodating incompatible tentative hypotheses, this framework incorporates a weak form of paraconsistency. As a case study, we analyze the anomalous behavior of the planet Uranus which threatened the Newtonian celestial mechanics for more than half a century and gave rise to the discovery of Neptune. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2017-07-31 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://periodicos.ufc.br/argumentos/article/view/19961 |
url |
http://periodicos.ufc.br/argumentos/article/view/19961 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
http://periodicos.ufc.br/argumentos/article/view/19961/30639 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2017 Argumentos - Revista de Filosofia info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2017 Argumentos - Revista de Filosofia |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Ceará |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Ceará |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Argumentos - Revista de Filosofia; No 17 Argumentos - Periódico de Filosofia; Núm. 17 Argumentos - Revista de Filosofia; n. 17 1984-4255 1984-4247 reponame:Argumentos : Revista de Filosofia (Online) instname:Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) instacron:UFC |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) |
instacron_str |
UFC |
institution |
UFC |
reponame_str |
Argumentos : Revista de Filosofia (Online) |
collection |
Argumentos : Revista de Filosofia (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Argumentos : Revista de Filosofia (Online) - Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
argumentos@ufc.br|| |
_version_ |
1797068846405779456 |