Três ensaios empíricos sobre mercado de trabalho no Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Silvando Carmo de
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/21961
• topic: Mercado de trabalho

This thesis focuses mainly on the problem of unemployment in the main metropolitan areas of Brazil, addressing three relevant issues. The central idea has as reference the theories of WMD. The Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides model was designed to understand the "natural" equilibrium or rate of unemployment. The first version of DMP, which was developed in the 1980s, focuses on the duration of unemployment that is treated as exogenous. The most recent version of the DMP (Mortensen and Pissarides 1994), together endogenizes the duration and incidence of unemployment. We are adopting the hypothesis in these three articles that supply and demand do not adjust automatically, that is, this marriage to happen involves expenditure that will be treated as a search effort here. This mismatch between open and closed job openings is what justify the transition movements that will be observed in the trials, more specifically the transitions from the unemployed condition to a later occupational situation measured as a flow of workers between two periods. The first essay seeks to verify how various forms of job search can affect the chances of reentry in the job market for the unemployed individual with reintegration difficulties. The main advantage of focusing on this case is to investigate combinations of search channels among the various search methods. When informing his condition of unemployment the individual declares what attitude he has taken to get a job, that is, evaluate the search channels declared by the worker that vary from the formality in the type of search to the informality in the methods. The second essay also investigates transitions in the labor market for the unemployed, but using a micro-based framework based on Pissarides (1979) and developed by Peracchi and Viviano (2004). An advantage of the micro-based method is to generate equations for estimation of important theoretical parameters such as market tightness and search efforts. Also using the theoretical reference of Pissarides (1979), the third article evaluates the effect of unemployment insurance on the effort to find employment by the beneficiaries of the unemployment insurance program. The central question is whether there is an increase in the search effort when the benefit approaches its exhaustion and in what way the government policy influences this decision.