Ação antimicrobiana de óleos essenciais sobre a cepa padrão H37RV de Mycobacterium tuberculosis

• Autor(a) principal: Dantas, João Carlos Pinheiro
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/8848
• topic: Óleos Voláteis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The infectious agent is the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one mycobacteria with high capacity to acquire resistance to agents used in the treatment. The development of new drugs or treatments with antimicrobial activity is necessary for reducing the prevalence of the disease. Plants through secondary metabolic pathways produce various compounds, being already observed biological activity against mycobacteria in some classes of terpenoids. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Lippia alba, Lippia sidoides, Cymbopogon citratus, Plectranthus amboinicus and Cinnamomun zeylanicum against standard strain (H37Rv) of M. tuberculosis. The technique used was in 96-well microdilution (Resazurin Microtiter Assay - REMA) card, which uses the rezasurina, redox indicator for the evaluation of the bacterial growth. The yield of extraction of oils from L. alba, L. sidoides, C. citratus, P. amboinicus and C. zeylanicum was 0.49%, 0.68%, 0.30%, 0.009% and 0.13%, respectively. Citral was found as the major constituent of oil of L. alba (70.6%) and C. citratus (80.7%). The oil of L. sidoides has as the main constituent the caryophyllene (30.2%). The thymol (64.3%) was found in a higher percentage of oil concentration in P. amboinicus. In the oil of C. zeylanicum the trans-cinnamaldehyde (86.0%) was found as the main constituent. The essential oil of L. alba do not showed antimicrobial activity. The oil of L. sidoides, C. citratus, P. amboinicus and C. zeylanicum showed MIC of 299.5±117.2mg/ml, 1.250μg/ml, 351.6±55.2mg/ml and 286.5±130.2g/ml, respectively. The oil that showed higher antimicrobial activity was the of L. sidoides, with power of 5.4 x 10-4. The results show that essential oils of L. sidoides, C. citratus, P. amboinicus and C. zeylanicum contains substances with properties of inhibiting the growth of the standard strain H37Rv of M. tuberculosis. Essential oils are promising alternatives in the discovery of new therapeutic agents.