Ensaios sobre o mercado de trabalho, ocupação e programa bolsa família, nas áreas rurais do Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Rayssa Alexandre
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/16355
• topic: Mercado de trabalho; Programa Bolsa Família; Diferencias de salário; Discriminação

This dissertation consists of two articles. The first article, entitled "Impacts Program Bolsa Família in the labor market and income in rural areas of Brazil", analyzes the effects the program has on hours worked and labor income of the beneficiaries. To do this, data from the Census (2010) and two methodologies were used: Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Quantilico Effect Treatment Firpo (2007), which check the average effect and distribution, respectively. The results for Brazil and regions, showed that the average increase in hours worked of beneficiaries is less than the non-beneficiaries as well as labor income, resulting in a disincentive effect to work. For the purposes of distribution, negative, neutral and positive effects were observed in hours worked, as in labor income was observed that the income of receiving the money transfer is less than that of not receiving thus not can assign the lower income the possible effects of disincentive to work. The second article called "income differentials for rural areas of Brazil: An analysis by occupation" deals with the income differentials between genders and races in occupations. Data for the analysis were taken from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) for the year 2014 and were employed the decomposition of Oaxaca and Blinder (1973) and Melly (2006), to investigate how much inequality is explained by the effects allocation and discrimination. For the results of the two methodologies, the decomposition of wage differentials between genders shows that for Brazil, the endowment effect acts to reduce the pay gap, as women have better educational levels. As for the decomposition of income differentials between races, the results for Brazil showed that the effects of discrimination and allocation were negative, the two effects responsible for the increase in inequality. Considering the regions, there were some peculiarities both in gender analysis, as race. Restricting the analysis to subgroups of agricultural workers in Brazil, the results showed that the effects differ in some activities.