Cultivo do tomateiro em ambiente protegido sob doses de biofertilizante e lâminas de irrigação

• Autor(a) principal: Sales, Inêz Gifone Maia
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/10573
• topic: Tomate; Irrigação agrícola; Adubos e fertilizantes orgânicos

Were conducted two experiments with the objective of evaluating doses of bio fertilizer and irrigation levels and their interactions on growth variables (height and diameter), production (height and diameter of fruit and yield) and quality (total soluble solids) of tomato in greenhouse. Was used the experimental area of the Meteorological Station of the Federal University of Ceará in the period between August and December 2010 (dry season) and March and June 2011(presence of precipitation). The design was a randomized block split plot design with three replications, totaling 75 experimental units. The plots consisted of five doses of liquid bio fertilizer in the first experiment: 0; 20; 40; 60 to 80 mL plant-1 week-1 and the second 0; 250; 500; 750 and 1000 mL plant-1 week-1. The subplots represented 0.33; 0.66; 1.00; 1.33 and 1.66 of crop evapotranspiration, with average values of 211, 421, 639, 850 and 1.061 mm, respectively. The morphological evaluations were 20, 40, 55, 75 and 90 days after transplanting. To monitor the climatic variables used an automated external station and a Datalogger inside the greenhouse. Between the open field and the greenhouse was found positive correlations, since the changes in the environment was varied the other. As well, a difference between the average maximum and minimum temperatures and relative humidity in the two experiments. From the analysis of variance observed individual and simultaneous treatments of plots and subplots effects, the variables plant height (cm) and stem diameter (mm) obtained significant interactions in both experiments. In the first experiment obtained significant interactions, in the variables of fruit diameter (mm) and total soluble solids. In addition, the second experiment presented significant interactions in the variables of number of fruits; fruit weight (g) and yield (g plant- 1). At the end of the second experiment, leaf analysis showed deficiency of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in all treatments bio fertilizer doses and toxicity in relation to magnesium and sulfur, leaving only calcium with satisfactory levels. Regarding micronutrients, the levels of iron and copper were high, whereas manganese and boron obtained appropriate medium for the cultivation of tomato. In conclusion, the increase in doses of liquid biofertilizers in the second experiment associated with changes in climatic factors influenced to obtain higher average values for plant growth, production and fruit quality; as well as the effect caused by the subplots in plots through meaningful interactions. And the biggest tomato plant growth observed in the second experiment resulted in plants greater nutritional demand imbalances, have been checked on the chemical characteristics of the substrate of the pot growing and leaf content of tomato in relation to macro and micronutrients at the end of this experiment .