Levantamento dos tipos e mecanismos de degradação ambiental do estado do Ceará

• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Francisca Nayara de Sousa
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/62776
• topic: Mecanismos; Degradação ambiental; Erosão; Agrotóxicos

The state of Ceará has been facing problems related to environmental degradation in its territory, which is directly related to the geomorphological conditions that the state has, due to the fact that much of its territory is located in the semiarid region, with high temperatures, high levels of evapotranspiration, shallow soils, with low infiltration rate and is inserted in the Caatinga biome. These factors, combined with the intense anthropic exploration that happens due to the economic activities that are developed in the territory of Ceará, are causing the acceleration of environmental degradation in the state. The work aimed to carry out a survey of data on the types of environmental degradation that are occurring in the state of Ceará, and analyze the mechanisms responsible for the formation of degraded areas in the region. The three types of environmental degradation processes that were identified during the bibliographical research, which are being responsible for major changes in the territory, were: desertification, the pollution of groundwater by pesticides and erosion. The three processes are directly linked to agricultural activities and their mechanisms. Environmental management, when carried out, is done wrongly, and without proper technical knowledge, which is causing the loss of soil fertility, which leads to the expansion of unproductive lands, as well as to the pollution of surface and underground water that are used in mostly for animal and human consumption. The consequence of these processes in the state affects the environmental, social and economic spheres. It was found during the research that one of the solutions to mitigate degradation in the state is to disseminate instructions on the application of appropriate techniques on environmental management that must be applied, and taken to rural areas, through public policies that help remedy the problem. If actions in this direction are not taken, and agricultural practices continue in the same way, Ceará tends to lose more land to erosion, to desertification, and to have water contaminated by pesticides, bringing great environmental, social and economic consequences to the population.