Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Oliveira Filho, José de Souza
Data de Publicação: 2012
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/9143
Resumo: Considering the sugar cane crop, for economic and environmental reasons, the burning of straw, used to facilitate the crop harvest and transportation, has been replaced by mechanical harvesting. It is known that the maintenance of straw on the soil influences the dynamics of water, nutrients and organic matter, but its effects are not yet sufficiently known. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil management cultivated with sugar cane without burning the plants prior to harvest, compared with the soil under native forest, on soil organic matter and, consequently, the effect on the phosphorus in the soil profile. To do so, it was determined, at depths from 0 - 2.5, 2.5 - 5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20 - 30 cm, the concentrations of the total organic carbon (TOC) and the particulate organic carbon (POC), as well as their accumulated amounts (EstCOT and EstCOP), light organic matter (LOM), which was fractionated by the method of flotation in water, concentrations of organic and inorganic phosphorus, obtained by sequential extraction proposed by Hedley et al. (1982) with modifications, and soil P maximum adsorption capacity (PMAC). Soil samples for analysis were collected from an area under cultivation of sugar cane and from a contiguous soil area under native vegetation, both located in the municipality of Paraipaba - CE. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey test (p <0.05), using, for this purpose, the statistical program Assistat. The highest TOC and POC were found in the first soil layer of the forest area. At depth, the concentrations of COP in the area of sugar cane crop were higher. The EstCOT was higher in the forest, however, it was also higher in EstCOP in the area under sugar cane cultivation. The highest concentrations of MOL were found in the first soil layers of the sugar cane cultivated area, but not differing from the soil forest area in depth. The concentration of organic phosphorus was higher than the concentration of inorganic phosphorus in the two areas. Among the organic fractions, obtained by fractionation of Hedley method, the organic bicarbonate fraction P (bic Po) was proportionally the highest one present in the total soil phosphorus. Among the inorganic, the 0.1 hydroxide inorganic P fraction (Pi hid 0.1) appeared in higher concentrations than the others. The highest value of PMAC was obtained in the deepest soil layer of the forest area and the lowest PMAC value was found in the first soil layer of the sugar cane cultivated area. There was negative correlation between the values of both COP and MOL with CMAP values in the area under cane cultivation. The highest values of CMAP were found in layers with lower concentrations of COP and MOL. This trend was not observed in the forested area. Considering the deepest soil layer evaluated (20-30 cm) for the two soil areas, it was found no significant differences for the evaluated characteristics between the two areas. At this soil layer, the influence of the management system was almost null.
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spelling Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queimaPhosphorus dynamics and organic matter in quartzipsamment cultivated with sugar cane harvested without burningCiência do soloFrações de carbonoIsotermas de adsorçãoSolos - ManejoSolos - Teor de fósforoPlantas - Efeito do fósforoAdsorçãoConsidering the sugar cane crop, for economic and environmental reasons, the burning of straw, used to facilitate the crop harvest and transportation, has been replaced by mechanical harvesting. It is known that the maintenance of straw on the soil influences the dynamics of water, nutrients and organic matter, but its effects are not yet sufficiently known. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil management cultivated with sugar cane without burning the plants prior to harvest, compared with the soil under native forest, on soil organic matter and, consequently, the effect on the phosphorus in the soil profile. To do so, it was determined, at depths from 0 - 2.5, 2.5 - 5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20 - 30 cm, the concentrations of the total organic carbon (TOC) and the particulate organic carbon (POC), as well as their accumulated amounts (EstCOT and EstCOP), light organic matter (LOM), which was fractionated by the method of flotation in water, concentrations of organic and inorganic phosphorus, obtained by sequential extraction proposed by Hedley et al. (1982) with modifications, and soil P maximum adsorption capacity (PMAC). Soil samples for analysis were collected from an area under cultivation of sugar cane and from a contiguous soil area under native vegetation, both located in the municipality of Paraipaba - CE. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey test (p <0.05), using, for this purpose, the statistical program Assistat. The highest TOC and POC were found in the first soil layer of the forest area. At depth, the concentrations of COP in the area of sugar cane crop were higher. The EstCOT was higher in the forest, however, it was also higher in EstCOP in the area under sugar cane cultivation. The highest concentrations of MOL were found in the first soil layers of the sugar cane cultivated area, but not differing from the soil forest area in depth. The concentration of organic phosphorus was higher than the concentration of inorganic phosphorus in the two areas. Among the organic fractions, obtained by fractionation of Hedley method, the organic bicarbonate fraction P (bic Po) was proportionally the highest one present in the total soil phosphorus. Among the inorganic, the 0.1 hydroxide inorganic P fraction (Pi hid 0.1) appeared in higher concentrations than the others. The highest value of PMAC was obtained in the deepest soil layer of the forest area and the lowest PMAC value was found in the first soil layer of the sugar cane cultivated area. There was negative correlation between the values of both COP and MOL with CMAP values in the area under cane cultivation. The highest values of CMAP were found in layers with lower concentrations of COP and MOL. This trend was not observed in the forested area. Considering the deepest soil layer evaluated (20-30 cm) for the two soil areas, it was found no significant differences for the evaluated characteristics between the two areas. At this soil layer, the influence of the management system was almost null.Na cultura da cana-de-açúcar, por razões econômicas e ambientais, a queima da palhada, feita para facilitar a colheita e o transporte, vem sendo substituída pela colheita mecanizada. Sabe-se que a manutenção da palhada sobre o solo influencia a dinâmica da água, nutrientes e matéria orgânica, mas seus efeitos ainda não são suficientemente conhecidos. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do manejo do solo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar sem a queima prévia do canavial para a colheita, comparado com a mata nativa, sobre a matéria orgânica do solo e, por consequência, os efeitos desta sobre o fósforo do solo. Para tanto, foram determinados, nas profundidades de 0 – 2,5, 2,5 – 5, 5 – 10 , 10 – 20 e 20 – 30 cm, os teores de carbono orgânico total (COT) e particulado (COP) e seus respectivos estoques (EstCOT e EstCOP), a matéria orgânica leve (MOL), fracionada pelo método da flotação em água, as concentrações de fósforo orgânico e inorgânico obtidas através da extração sequencial proposta por Hedley et al.(1982) com modificações e a capacidade máxima de adsorção de fósforo do solo (CMAP). As amostras de solo para as análises foram coletadas de uma área sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar e de uma área contígua sob vegetação nativa, ambas localizadas no município de Paraipaba – CE. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e comparados entre si pelo Teste de Tukey (p< 0,05) utilizando-se para tanto, o programa estatístico Assistat. Os maiores teores de COT e COP foram encontrados na primeira camada da área de mata. Em profundidade, os teores de COP na área de cana foram superiores. O EstCOT foi superior na área de mata, no entanto, o EstCOP foi superior na área sob cultivo de cana. As maiores concentrações de MOL foram encontradas nas primeiras camadas da área cultivada, não diferindo da área de mata em profundidade. A concentração de fósforo orgânico foi superior a concentração de fósforo inorgânico nas duas áreas. Entre as frações orgânicas obtidas pelo fracionamento de Hedley, a fração orgânica bicarbonato (Po bic) foi a que obteve maior proporção em relação ao fósforo total do solo. Dentre as frações inorgânicas, a fração inorgânica hidróxido 0,1 (Pi hid 0,1) apresentou-se em maiores concentrações que as demais. O maior valor de CMAP foi obtido na ultima camada da área de mata e o menor valor encontrado na primeira camada da área cultivada. Observou-se correlação negativa entre os valores de COP e MOL com os valores de CMAP na área sob cultivo. Os maiores valores de CMAP foram encontrados nas camadas com menores concentrações de COP e MOL. Essa tendência não foi observada na área de mata. No geral, na ultima camada avaliada (20 – 30 cm), não se observou diferenças significativas para as características avaliadas entre as duas áreas. Nessa profundidade, a influência do sistema de manejo é mínima.Aquino, Boanerges Freire deOliveira Filho, José de Souza2014-09-23T21:17:57Z2014-09-23T21:17:57Z2012info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfOLIVEIRA FILHO, J. S. Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima. 2012. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia/Solos e Nutrição de Plantas) - Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2012.http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/9143porreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)instname:Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)instacron:UFCinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2020-05-06T19:25:28Zoai:repositorio.ufc.br:riufc/9143Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://www.repositorio.ufc.br/ri-oai/requestbu@ufc.br || repositorio@ufc.bropendoar:2020-05-06T19:25:28Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) - Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima
Phosphorus dynamics and organic matter in quartzipsamment cultivated with sugar cane harvested without burning
title Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima
spellingShingle Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima
Oliveira Filho, José de Souza
Ciência do solo
Frações de carbono
Isotermas de adsorção
Solos - Manejo
Solos - Teor de fósforo
Plantas - Efeito do fósforo
Adsorção
title_short Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima
title_full Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima
title_fullStr Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima
title_full_unstemmed Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima
title_sort Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima
author Oliveira Filho, José de Souza
author_facet Oliveira Filho, José de Souza
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Aquino, Boanerges Freire de
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Oliveira Filho, José de Souza
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Ciência do solo
Frações de carbono
Isotermas de adsorção
Solos - Manejo
Solos - Teor de fósforo
Plantas - Efeito do fósforo
Adsorção
topic Ciência do solo
Frações de carbono
Isotermas de adsorção
Solos - Manejo
Solos - Teor de fósforo
Plantas - Efeito do fósforo
Adsorção
description Considering the sugar cane crop, for economic and environmental reasons, the burning of straw, used to facilitate the crop harvest and transportation, has been replaced by mechanical harvesting. It is known that the maintenance of straw on the soil influences the dynamics of water, nutrients and organic matter, but its effects are not yet sufficiently known. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil management cultivated with sugar cane without burning the plants prior to harvest, compared with the soil under native forest, on soil organic matter and, consequently, the effect on the phosphorus in the soil profile. To do so, it was determined, at depths from 0 - 2.5, 2.5 - 5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20 - 30 cm, the concentrations of the total organic carbon (TOC) and the particulate organic carbon (POC), as well as their accumulated amounts (EstCOT and EstCOP), light organic matter (LOM), which was fractionated by the method of flotation in water, concentrations of organic and inorganic phosphorus, obtained by sequential extraction proposed by Hedley et al. (1982) with modifications, and soil P maximum adsorption capacity (PMAC). Soil samples for analysis were collected from an area under cultivation of sugar cane and from a contiguous soil area under native vegetation, both located in the municipality of Paraipaba - CE. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey test (p <0.05), using, for this purpose, the statistical program Assistat. The highest TOC and POC were found in the first soil layer of the forest area. At depth, the concentrations of COP in the area of sugar cane crop were higher. The EstCOT was higher in the forest, however, it was also higher in EstCOP in the area under sugar cane cultivation. The highest concentrations of MOL were found in the first soil layers of the sugar cane cultivated area, but not differing from the soil forest area in depth. The concentration of organic phosphorus was higher than the concentration of inorganic phosphorus in the two areas. Among the organic fractions, obtained by fractionation of Hedley method, the organic bicarbonate fraction P (bic Po) was proportionally the highest one present in the total soil phosphorus. Among the inorganic, the 0.1 hydroxide inorganic P fraction (Pi hid 0.1) appeared in higher concentrations than the others. The highest value of PMAC was obtained in the deepest soil layer of the forest area and the lowest PMAC value was found in the first soil layer of the sugar cane cultivated area. There was negative correlation between the values of both COP and MOL with CMAP values in the area under cane cultivation. The highest values of CMAP were found in layers with lower concentrations of COP and MOL. This trend was not observed in the forested area. Considering the deepest soil layer evaluated (20-30 cm) for the two soil areas, it was found no significant differences for the evaluated characteristics between the two areas. At this soil layer, the influence of the management system was almost null.
publishDate 2012
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2012
2014-09-23T21:17:57Z
2014-09-23T21:17:57Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
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dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv OLIVEIRA FILHO, J. S. Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima. 2012. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia/Solos e Nutrição de Plantas) - Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2012.
http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/9143
identifier_str_mv OLIVEIRA FILHO, J. S. Dinâmica do fósforo e da matéria orgânica em neossolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar colhida sem queima. 2012. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia/Solos e Nutrição de Plantas) - Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2012.
url http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/9143
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