A enfermagem e o recém-nascido de risco: refletindo sobre a atenção humanizada

• Autor(a) principal: Rolim, Karla Maria Carneiro
• Data de Publicação: 2003
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/59449
• topic: Enfermagem Neonatal; Enfermagem Pediátrica; Enfermagem Materno-Infantil; Recém-Nascido

The humanization includes the thinking, the feeling, the saying and the sharing with ill people, in order to transmit security, support, confidence and dignity, making them not to escape from reality but to face it. In this perspective, the attention to newborns (NB) should be structured and organized in order to attend to a population exposed to risks. Therefore, there must be material and human specialized resources, able to guarantee a rigorous observation, besides appropriate treatment to a baby who suffers from a disease that may kill him/her or consequences that will interfere in his/her development. As nurses acting in neonatology, we have questioned many times the treatment and care given to a baby and to their family in a Neonatal Intensive Therapy Unity (NITU). In this study, we aimed at investigating the relationship between the nurse care in the oraltrachean aspiration, the blood collection and the behavioral, philosophical answers and the signs emitted by a risky newborn in a focus of the humanitarian attention; identify the nurses’ opinion regarding the humanization of the care given to risky NB in the NITU and their family, and elaborate a proposal of humanitarian care including the risky baby, its family and the nursing group. Investigative and descriptive research developed in a qualitative approach, having as its theorctical and methodological reference the Theory of Paterson and Zderad (1976). lt was conducted in a NITU of a large public maternity, in the city of Fortaleza - Ceará. The subjects ofthe research were divided into two groups: the first one composed by 06 nurses who work in the NITU, the second one composed by 21 risky babies who received care from the nurses taking part into the research, in the period between April and July of the year 2003. Our perceptions of the NITU’s care and dynamic were registered in a notation book, in order to search the relationship between the nursing assistance and the behavioral, physiological answers and the signs emitted by the baby, so that we can analyze more profoundly the notations and some reflections on the study, gotten through a participative observation. In order to observe the care, oraltrachean aspiration, blood collection to laboratory tests, the behavioral, physiological and mimic answers and the signs emitted by the baby, we used as a script, a form with the description of the activities carried out by the nurses observing the attempts, or not, of integration with the patient, such as: looks exchange; kind touch; pronunciation of soothing words, which transmit security and peacefulness; solace attitudes, among others. From the data analysis, themes extracted from the participants' discourses appeared, named humanization, sensitization, understanding and care. From the humanization theme, emerged the categories the humanization and nursing, the humanization and the care of the baby and its family, from the sensitization theme, the categories were Educate to humanize and sensitization in the baby care; from the understanding theme, emerged the categories looking after the care assistant, the environment reality and the nurse work in the NITU; from the care theme the category was mechanical care. The babies’ answers to the care were: alteration in the cardio respiratory frequency, change in the face expression, grimace, tranquility appearance and agitation, among others. We believe that in order to carry out the humanized care to risky newborns, we have to consider their physical and emotional fragility caused by their birth condition and illness. We have to develop feelings of affection, respect, liking and empathy, among otherfeelings inherentto the human being. We concluded that the ME-YOU and US relationship is very important in the care of risky newborn babies, being indispensable for the humanitarian care.