A prevalência e o perfil epidemiológico do traumatismo dentário em escolares da rede pública municipal de Fortaleza - Ceará

• Autor(a) principal: Dias, Rosana Sales
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/1856
• topic: Prevalência; Estudos Epidemiológicos; Traumatismos Dentários

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and epidemiological profile of dental trauma among 6-12-year-old schoolchildren regularly attending the municipal public schools of Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, in 2007. Five hundred schoolchildren proportionally divided among the six regional executive educational bureaus were examined and data referring to age, gender, traumatized tooth/teeth, type of trauma, tooth loss due to trauma, presence of fistula, discoloration, restoration related to the traumatized tooth/teeth and predisposing factors were recorded on clinical forms. The data were grouped and each category was analyzed statistically by the chi-square test. The results revealed that among the 500 examined children, 130 (25.7%) had suffered dental trauma to either primary teeth (14 children - 2.9%) or permanent teeth (116 children - 22.8%). The age of 10 years had the most frequency of dental trauma (20.9%). The female gender was more prevalent (61.4%). The maxillary left central incisor (8.4%) and the maxillary right central incisor (6.8%) were the most frequently traumatized teeth. Fracture was the most prevalent type of dental trauma, corresponding to 23.7% of the cases. Tooth loss due to traumatic injury occurred in only 0.4% of the cases. Discoloration was absent in 97% of the patients. Enamel fracture was the most prevalent of all types of fractures (17.7%) followed by enamel/dentin fracture (4.4%). The data showed that 99.8% of the schoolchildren who presented fractured teeth did not receive adequate dental treatment. Composite traumas and fistulae occurred in only 0.4% and 0.1% of the patients, respectively. Regarding the predisposing factors, alterations in the overjet was observed in 33.7% of the children and inadequate lip coverage was present in 17.3%. The findings of the present study allowed concluding that, in general, family, educational authorities and caregivers should have sufficient knowledge to provide a safe environment and adequate care at the moment of a dental trauma in such a way that its sequelae can be prevented or minimized.