Risco para débito cardíaco diminuído : caracterização de proposta de diagnóstico de enfermagem

• Autor(a) principal: Melo, Renata Pereira de
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/2019
• topic: Débito Cardíaco; Diagnóstico de Enfermagem; Estudos de Validação

The study looked to characterize a proposal for the nursing diagnosis of “Risk of Decreased Cardiac Output”, based on the judgement of 25 specialists. It was carried out in the period of September of 2007 to April of 2008, in two methodological stages: a) Elaboration of the proposal of the nursing diagnosis of Risk of Decreased Cardiac Output, according to NANDA, and the operational definition for each risk factor; b) Validation of the concept, of the risk factors and the operational definitions. For so, it was used the Diagnostic Content Validation model proposed by Fehring and the Delphi technique. All the specialists were selected based on Fehring’s criteria. Data was collected at two moments, from questionnaires. The quantitative analysis disposed of the calculation of the weighted mean of the value attributed by specialist to each risk factor, being: 1 (it does not cause vulnerability) = 0; 2 (it causes very little vulnerability) = 0,25; 3 (it causes moderate vulnerability) = 0,5; 4 (it causes very much vulnerability) = 0,75; and 5 (it completely causes vulnerability) = 1. Based on this calculation, the risk factors with score below the established cutoff point of 0,6 were discarded. For the evaluation of the items related to the operational definition (Clarity, Adequacy to the risk factor and Adequacy to the remaining proposed terms) the values were tabulated (+1, 0 and -1) and the mean calculated, in order to check the level of agreement/disagreement between the specialists. There was still calculated the Index of Content Validity, which indicates the confidence of the application of the diagnosis in practice. It was considered the explanation of the objectives to the participants, their declared consent in allowing the collection and supplying the solicited data, their freedom to refuse or give up from participating in any phase of the research process without prejudice of any kind to them, to ask for clarification as well as their right to anonymity. As result, was obtained the understanding that the label proposed is representative of a nursing diagnosis, to which the concept corresponded, in adequacy to the structure used by NANDA: “To be in risk of developing a level of health characterized by insufficient quantity of blood pumped each minute by the heart to fulfill the physical metabolic demands”. Were considered representative risk factor for this phenomenon (≥ 0,6), according to the specialists judgement: myocardial dysfunction (0,887), blood loss (0,875), intrapericardial pressure increase (0,825), condition that causes alteration in the rhythm and/or electric cardiac driving (0,812), defective volume of liquids (0,725), plasma loss (0,712), ineffective tissular perfusion (0,712), electrolytic unbalance (0,7), acid-base unbalance (0,697), valve alteration (0,65), major surgery (0,65) and general deep anaesthesia/spinal anaesthesia (0,625), obtaining a Index of Content Validity of 0,739. With this proposal, it was provided the characterization of this phenomenon, as a form to orientate the process of clinical judgement, making possible a preventive act, as a way to avoid the development of the real entity and of his complications. However, because of the peculiarity of this study and the relevance of its finds, it’s essential the replication of the 10 risk factors (22%) that were located between the cutoff points of 0,5 and 0,59, as well as new submissions of the data to the specialists to obtain the consensus, and the realization of a study of clinical validation, in order to obtain evidences about the incident of this phenomenon in nurses’ practice