Instabilidade pluviométrica e efeitos na agricultura de sequeiro no Ceará: os casos de Trairi, Itarema e Acaraú

• Autor(a) principal: Vettorazzi, Cecília Faccio
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/63921
• topic: Instabilidade pluviométrica; Região Semiárido; Agricultura de sequeiro; Produção de alimentos

The Brazilian semiarid region is characterized as one of the most vulnerable regions in the country. The uncertainty linked to instabilities in rainfall and the current technological availability hinders the practice of agriculture. The cultivation of temporary crops such as beans, cassava and corn is common in this region. They are the basis for the survival of the majority rural families. For a complete understanding of harvest trends, it is necessary to connect the environmental, economic and social evidences that, together, define agricultural productivity. In this context, the present study aims to evaluate the temporal synergies of rainfall in the municipalities of the semi-arid region of Acaraú, Itarema and Trairi, in Ceará State, with the defining variables of the production of beans, cassava and corn, between the years 1976 and 2018. The present study uses secondary data collected from the Cearense Foundation for Meteorology and Water Resources - FUNCEME and from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE. The endogenous agricultural variables used as crop evaluation parameters were harvested area, yield per hectare (kg.ha-1 ) and average grain price (R$.kg-1 ). The instabilities are estimated from the coefficients of variation (CV) of the variables. They were classified into: low, medium, high and very high, under the scale determined by Gomes (1985). The drought periods in the municipalities had the highest probability to occur in the three municipalities. They vary between 328.1 mm and 653.5 mm; 398.5 mm and 632.2 mm; and 471.7 mm and 654.8 mm in the municipalities of Acaraú, Itarema and Trairi, respectively. From the results, it was concluded that the rainy season has a more heterogeneous occurrence in the municipalities of Acaraú, Itarema and Trairi, compared to the other periods: normality and drought. The general conclusion is: The rainfall instability is transferred to variable associated with the production of bean, cassava and corn in Acaraú, Itarema and Trairi in the period of 1976 to 2018. Keywords: Pluviometric instability. Semiarid Region. Rainfed agriculture. Food production.