Modelagem Computacional de uma Adutora da Região do Mucuripe pelo uso do EPANET

• Autor(a) principal: Caldas, Gabriel Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/28746
• topic: Modelagem Computacional EPANET; Calibração; Sistema de Distribuição de Água; Rugosidade; Coeficiente de Consumo

It is known that the State of Ceará faces a constant question of scarcity of water resources and because of this, it is necessary to have more control of distribution systems of water to the population, guaranteeing a better management of the process. The present study aimed to analyse the obtained results in the field in order to perform computational simulations for the adjustment of the maximum hourly consumption coefficient (k2) and the roughness of a water conduit in Fortaleza, which transports water from Praça da Imprensa storage tank to the Mucuripe storage tank. The analysis were made between June and October, which is one of the lower rainfall rate periods in the region and, consequently, one of the most critical in terms of consumption. Using the flow rate and pressure data of each day, it was possible to understand the consumption behaviour in the region, which indicated a consistent and atypical pattern when it comes to the periods of the day in which the water consumption is greater. The outcomes were divergent when they are compared to the literature, since during the dawn consumption was above average, when it was expected to be at the minimum and was decreasing during the twilight when it should have remained high. Otherwise, the average value of the coefficient k2 was 1.1 and its maximum value was 1.25, which is very below the value of 1.5, recommended by the norm ABNT NBR 9649 (1986). It is believed that the high industrial activity in the region may have been the cause of such results. When it comes to the roughness of the water conduit, simulations were performed, with the software EPANET, with the original roughness for the material of the pipes and a raise 10, 20, 50 and 100% for this value. Knowing that Mucuripe storage tank has a maximum level of water in 5m, it was noticed that many outcome values were not in accordance with reality. Thus, more simulations were performed and the value of 0.7mm was obtained in a water level of 4.97m, which can be considered nearby the reality. Simulations were also carried out for extreme values of roughness in order to predict a system operation at very low or negative pressures. In later analysis it can be studied in other periods of time, including the whole year, the coefficient of maximum annual consumption (k1), as well as updates to the network and simulations with other software besides EPANET.