Biomassa herbácea e biodiversidade da Caatinga submetida a diferentes raleamentos e enriquecimentos

• Autor(a) principal: Conrado, Jefte Arnon de Almeida
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/26169
• topic: Raleamento em savana; Raleamento em faixas; Enriquecimento; Capim-búffel; Capim-massai; Composição botânica

Caatinga vegetation is at a stage of degradation, thus requiring the search for management practices that intensify its use without degrading, with this the thinning and the enrichment make feasible strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of thinning and enrichment as practices to maintain biodiversity and increase the production of forage biomass, in order to enable pastoral use. The study was conducted in 2016 in a control area (without thinning) and two thinned areas: savanna thinning and strip thinning, in two seasons: rain season and the transition from rainy to dry season. Enrichment of the thinned areas was analyzed by the establishment of two grasses: búffel grass and massai grass. Savana thinning a promoted a higher forage biomass: 1.940 kg.ha-1 in the rainy season, without impairing biodiversity, according to the indices of Shannon-Weaver and Pielou(H' = 1.48, J' = 0.62, respectively) for the thinned area and H’ = 1.29 and J’ = 0.72, for the control. The same response was found in the strip thinning, with a production in the rainy season of 1.1228 kg.ha-1 against 833.33 kg.ha-1 of cthe control; and biodiversity indices of H ' = 1.86 and J ' = 0.74 for the thinned area and H’ = 1,77 and J’ = 0,85 for the control, demonstrating the proximity of the areas in terms of biodiversity. Thinning also increased the diversity of desirable forage species by up to 73.2% when compared to the non-thinned area. Massai grass presented the best performance (about 50% of germination) in areas such as rural areas, but the búffel grass (about 4%) only in the savana thinned area, did not germinate in the thinned area in bands. Both savana and strip thinning increased forage biomass, maintaining diversity and enabling the intensive use of the Caatinga vegetation and the enrichment with massai grass is recommended because it presents greater production of forage biomass, with great participation of the leaf fraction.