Padrões epidemiológicos e operacionais da hanseníase em Fortaleza-CE – 2001 a 2011

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Laura Brito de
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/7206
• topic: Hanseníase; Epidemiologia; Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis

Leprosy remains with high magnitude in most states. Objectives: To characterize the epidemiological situation of leprosy, temporal trends and spatial distribution of the indicators by district of residence in Fortaleza 2001-2011. Methodology: Analytical study of the ecological type using secondary data obtained from SINAN (National System for Notifiable Diseases) and obtained population data from IBGE. Conducted a univariate analysis of temporal trends and spatial distribution, where several epidemiological and operational indicators were calculated for all neighborhoods in Fortaleza, was also compared the area of the Regional Executive Secretary (SER) III with the rest of Fortaleza. Results: A total of 9,104 new cases (mean: 43,3 years) were included in the study. Although high detection rate, considered “very high” according to definitions of the Ministry of Health, the tendency in the general population was significant decline over the period (p = 0,001 and R ² = 0,7191). The detection rate in children under 15 remained stable, indicating the existence of active foci (p = 0,917 and R ² = 0,0013) and grade II disability in the population remained constant with no statistically significant association (p = 0,068 and R ² = 0,3224). Multibacillary operating classes were more frequent (5.628; 61,8 %) and clinical dimorphous (3.939; 44,8 %). The SER III presents similar values for epidemiological and operational indicators of leprosy than the rest of Fortaleza. The detection rate in the general population shows an increase in the detection of new cases in the whole county, but with different levels of transmission of leprosy and by regional variations, favoring the emergence of clusters of cases by neighborhoods. Conclusion: Leprosy remains high load in Fortaleza, despite advances in the control. The spatial distribution helped to identify possible areas for greater detection, and active transmission of leprosy among neighborhoods.