Diversidade da ictiofauna estuarina do Rio Ceará, Fortaleza (Ceará, Brasil)

• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Rafael Santos do
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/50182
• topic: Estuários; Zona tropical; Índices ecológicos; Ictiofauna - Rio Ceará

The estuaries constitute a feeding area, shelter, nursery and breeding grounds for various aquatic organisms, including fish. In Brazil, studies on the ichthyofauna of the estuary were mostly in the South and Southeast regions of the country. In the Northeast, studies on the estuarine ichthyofauna are still few, especially on their diversity. The objective of the present work was to analyze the ichthyofauna biodiversity in the estuary of Ceará, Fortaleza/Ceará, as well as species richness and equability. It was used gill net, tarrafa network and line and hooks for the capture of individuals, and nine samples were taken in the estuary from February to October 2018. Data on water transparency, temperature, pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen were also obtained. 611 individuals were captured, distributed in eight Orders, 14 Families, 16 Genus and 21 Species. The species Mugil curema was the only one classified as abundant in the rainy season with 43.54%, followed by Eucinostomus argenteus, classified as low abundance (18.45%). In the dry period the species Harengula clupeola and Mugil curema were classified as abundant, with 38.53% and 37.06%, respectively, while Eucinostomus argenteus was considered as low abundance, with 11.18%. The other species were classified as rare. The Order with the highest number of species was Perciformes, with 10 representatives. Diversity was considered as moderate, with a Shannon-Weaver diversity index of 2.85 bits/inds., for the rainy season, and 2.08 bits/inds., for the dry period. Simpson's index was 4.22 in the rainy season and 3.31 in the dry season. For the Berger-Parker index, this had a variation of 2.30 to 2.60, in the rainy and dry periods, respectively. As for species richness (d), it was 3.21 in the rainy season and 2.06 in the dry season. The equability of Pielou (J) showed a good distribution of species within the estuary. The analysis of the physical and chemical parameters showed a slightly alkaline water, but of good quality and adequate to the fish species of the region.