Impactos da instabilidade pluviométrica na cajucultura do Ceará entre 1988 e 2019

• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Aurinete de Nascimento Martins
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/69126
• topic: Agricultura no semiárido; Caju; Instabilidade na precipitação de chuvas; Produção de caju

The cashew agribusiness is located mostly in the Brazilian Northeast, with the state of Ceará as the main producer and holder of the largest cultivated area. Approximately 95% of the territory of this state is officially included in the Brazilian semi-arid region, whose main characteristic is water instability, a limiting factor for most agricultural crops, causing, especially, instability in the production of crops developed in dryland regime. The present work had as objectives: to fit the rainfall observed in the municipalities to a pattern previously defined for the state of Ceará; to assess the evolution of harvested areas, productivity, value of production per hectare and average prices paid to cashew producers practiced in the 22 largest producing municipalities in the state from 1988 to 2019; analyze, in a comparative way, if there were instabilities/stabilities of these variables cited as a result of the instabilities of rainfalls observed in the period; to assess the cause-effect relationship of rainfall on the variables that define its production. The data used in the research were collected from the Municipal Agricultural Production (PAM/IBGE) and from the Meteorology and Water Resources Foundation of Ceará (FUNCEME). The results obtained show that the rainfall of the state and of the twenty-two studied municipalities can be framed according to the rainy periods used in the studies, and it is also possible to verify that both, in the state and in the municipalities in the period studied, the periods of drought were observed with the highest modal frequencies. The results confirmed the high rainfall instabilities in all municipalities, as well as in the harvested areas, productivities, production value per hectare and cashew nut prices between 1988 and 2019. The overall conclusion of the study shows that, contrary to what was expected, a definite relationship of rainfall with the variables studied was observed in only a few municipalities. As the production of cashew occurs in the period of rainfall scarcity of the semiarid that occurs throughout the second semester of the years, it is likely that cashew trees benefit from the waters that have been deposited and are stored in the water tables of the municipalities.