Phycocyanin production assessment for the marine microalgae Arthrospira platensis, cultivated in fish effluent

• Autor(a) principal: Igor Gabriel Rodrigues Ferreira Gomes
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFC
• Texto Completo: http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16605
• topic: FicobiliproteÃna; ExtraÃÃo; CianofÃcea; Phycobiliprotein; Extraction; Cyanobacteria; ENGENHARIA DE PESCA

The phycocyanins are water-soluble proteins that function as accessory pigments and exhibit various properties, as immunostimulatin, cholesterol lowering effect, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer and antioxidant action, in addition to application as a natural dye. The focus of the commercial production of phycocyanin has fallen in most of the microalgae Arthrospira platensis. This cyanophyceae is rich in compounds as proteins, vitamins, essential amino acids, minerals, essential fatty acids, antioxidants, pigments, among others. Aquaculture is an activity of great importance, generating income and producing quality protein for human consumption. However, their activity generates large amounts of effluents with high nutrient load. The use of microalgae for aquaculture waste production is quite used, yielding good results in the cultivation of several species. This study aimed to evaluate the production of phycocyanin by A. platensis microalgae grown in fish effluent. For this, the microalgae was exposed to growing in Venkataraman modified medium and effluent from the Nile tilapia farming, in indoor and outdoor systems. After the end of the crop, the biomass obtained was exposed to phycocyanin extraction process, which consisted of freezing and thawing of wet biomass obtained from the culture in indoor system and subsequent extraction in sodium acetate buffer pH 5.0 for 48 h. The biomass produced in the outdoor system was dried at 60 Â C for 24 h in an oven with recirculating air. The dried biomass was resuspended in sodium acetate buffer pH 5.0 for 48 h. After that, the extracts were centrifuged at 4,700 rpm at 4 ÂC for 30 min. The supernatant was collected and evaluated in a spectrophotometer at 280 nm wavelength for proteins, 615 nm for phycocyanin,and and 652 nm for allophycocyanin. After this process, the crude extracts obtained from phycocyanin were subjected to purification by ion exchange chromatography. There wasnt significant difference between the performance of algae grown under the same conditions. However, algae exposed to outdoor system showed superior results. The phycocyanin concentrations were higher in the treatments that used Venkataraman medium, while the proportions of the pigment found in indoor systems were higher. The process of purification by ion exchange chromatography resulted in higher concentrations of pigment for fractions eluted with 0.2 M NaCl to all crude extracts of phycocyanin.