Identification and characterization of Meloidogyne species in agricultural areas and dispersion M. enterolobii goiabeiras in orchards in Ceara State

• Autor(a) principal: Maria do Carmo Lopes da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFC
• Texto Completo: http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14180
• topic: Nematoide das galhas; Isoenzima; Esterase; IdentificaÃÃo de espÃcies; Root-knot nematodes; Izoenzyme; Esterase; Specie identification; FITOPATOLOGIA

The nematodes from the genus Meloidogyne are the most important causal agents of plant damages considering that they have a large geographical distribution and they are difficult to be controlled. Considering that the actual information about species from the genus Meloidogyne infecting plants in agriculture areas are still short in the State of CearÃ, the present research was developed with the following objectives: identify Meloidogyne species and races which occur in the different micro-regions from the State of Cearà and identify the natural hosts for M. enterolobii in guava (Pisidium guajava) orchards. A hundred and twelve plants with gall symptoms in the roots were collected from producing areas of 29 counties including 13 micro-regions from the State of CearÃ. It was observed that 112 nematode populations collected from infected plants, 46 presented phenotype typical of M. enterolobii, 27 of M. incognita, 15 of M. javanica, five of M. arenaria and one of M. hapla. Six nematode populations presented esterase phenotype distinct from those known for the Meloidogyne species already described in Brazil. In the physiologic race determination it was found races 2 and 3 of M. incognita, and race 1 of M. arenaria and a race 2 of M. javanica. The following nematode associations found in the present paper were not yet mentioned which could demonstrate that they could be the first report in the State: M. incognita in Beta vulgaris var. cicla L., B. vulgaris L., Capsicum chinensi Jacq. and Spondia tuberosa x S. mombim; M. javanica in Sieges beckiaorientalis L., S. mombim L., Hybanthus ipecacuanha (L.) Oken. and Abelmoschus esculentus L.; M. arenaria in Impatiens walleriana L., Morinda citrifolia L. and Duranta repens L. var. aurea; and M. hapla in Rosa sp. Meloidogyne enterolobii was identified in all guava root samples collected in the orchards distributed in 13 counties from the State. Besides guava, M. enterolobii was also detected in Malpighia glabra L., Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam, Solanummelongena L., Cactus sp., Emilia fosbergii Nicolson, Hypericum sp., Inga edulis Mart., Carica papaya L., Ocimum basilicum L., Solanum americanum Mill, S. paniculatum L., Gladiolus sp. and C. frutescens L. The present research is the first report about those plant nematode associations in the State of CearÃ. The specie M. enterolboii was present in 52% of the counties and in 77% of the micro-regions visited, while M. incognita and M. javanica were detected only in 35% and 31% of the visited counties, respectively, and in 46% of the micro-region visited. The present research will contribute to update the scientific information about the occurrence of Meloidogyne species in the main agriculture producing regions from the State of CearÃ.