Utilidade filogenética de genes nucleares em comparação com gene mitocondrial para Phyllostomidae (Chiroptera)

• Autor(a) principal: Dasilio, Amanda
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/3861
• topic: Nuclear markers; Mitochondrial DNA; Phyllostomidae; Investigação filogenética; Marcadores nucleares; DNA mitocondrial; Zoologia; Análise cladística; Morcego; Marcadores genéticos; DNA mitocondrial; 57

Phyllostomidae, from the suborder Microchiroptera, is a family with great morphological variety and diverse eating habits, with more genera than any other family of bats. But a major challenge has been the resolution of its phylogenetic relationships, mainly due to rampant evolutionary convergence of parallel lines. Several attempts were made to rescue the relationships within the family in order to rebuild their evolutionary transitions and identify the relationships between genres, from morphological to molecular studies. However, these studies mostly have mainly used the mitochondrial DNA, with little success with nuclear markers. Studies showing inconsistencies between phylogenies have expanded rapidly, derived mainly from morphological data versus molecular analysis, or even the trees based on different subsets of molecular sequences. In this scenario, this study aimed to make a phylogenetic investigation of five genes (one mitochondrial and four nuclear) to identify nuclear markers that presented the best results for Phyllostomidae.It had not yet been reported in the literature for phyllostomid.The genes selected for the study were: two exons of nuclear recombination activating gene protein 2 (RAG2) and the gene for von Willebrand factor (vWF), two introns Beta-Fibrinogen (FGB) and theB-spectrin non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1), and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene (IOC). The method of obtaining nucleotide sequences consisted of extraction of the total DNA of the cell, amplification of the mitochondrial DNA control region by Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR product purification and sequencing. Sequences available in GenBank were also used. Among the nuclear markers studied, the results of our analysis indicate that Beta-Fibrinogen is the most promising nuclear marker, stimulating future molecular studies with phyllostomide bats using this gene