Análise da emissão de CO2 de sistemas de piso misto composto por vigas celulares via algoritmos metaheurísticos

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Gabrieli Fontes
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17235
• topic: Engenharia Civil; Vigas mistas celulares; Otimização estrutural; Emissão de CO2; Algoritmo genético; Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO); subject.br-rjbn

The increase in greenhouse gas emissions in the construction sector has led to the search for economically and environmentally more viable solutions. In recent years, there has been a growing adoption of mixed floor systems with full-depth beams. However, cellular beam floor systems have been relatively unexplored despite their advantages over full-depth beams. These advantages include the ability to span larger distances with reduced structural mass and, consequently, reduced CO2 emissions. The aim of this study is to present the optimization problem formulation for a mixed steel and concrete floor system composed of cellular beams, a steel deck slab, and steel columns. In addition to constraints related to ultimate and serviceability limit states, construction constraints related to cutting and welding were considered in the optimization problem. The solution was obtained through Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization. The design variables included not only beam sizing parameters but also the choice of the steel deck slab, the compressive strength of the concrete in the slab, the number of secondary beams in the floor, and the steel profile of the columns. An analysis of CO2 emissions was conducted for the optimal solutions found for the mixed floor system with cellular beams, comparing them to the mixed floor system with full-depth beams. The results indicated a reduction in emissions of over 30% when using the cellular beam system. Furthermore, it was found that constraints related to the cutting and welding process of cellular profiles did not have a significant contribution to the final floor emissions. This points to the environmental feasibility of using this type of beam.