Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes) |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/10772 |
Resumo: | Water-in-oil (W/O) oil emulsions are present from well drilling to refining and cause various problems. Heavy oils have higher amounts of polar compounds than light petroleum and this causes the formation of emulsions with high stability. Such emulsions need to be dehydrated to reduce the impacts generated. Thus, studying and evaluating the factors that affect the stability of an emulsion is important for the oil industry. Due to the lack of information on the evaluation of the behavior of W/O emulsions by the addition of natural products, in this work a study was carried out on the effect of lignin addition on W/Oemulsions of a heavy oil (gravity of13.7) with asphaltene content 7wt% and 32wt%resins. Initially, to check the droplet size distribution (DSD), select the ideal mechanical rotationand the influence of the electrolyte type on the stability, emulsions were prepared by adding volumes of 10, 20, 30, 35 and 40% w/v of two types of water (deionized and formed) under mechanical stirring at 2500, 5000, 10000 and 15000 rpm and a saturated NaCl solution added to the oil at the rates of 10, 20 and 30% w/v homogenized in the rotation of 5000 rpm. When the best working conditions (5000 rpm) were chosen and due to the natural occurrence of formation of W/O emulsions with formation water in the oil exploration process, the preparation of the emulsions for testing with natural product consisted of the homogenization of the oil with water of formation and addition of alkaline lignin solution in nature at the concentration of 0.5 and 3% w/v. Formationand lignin water contents totaled the volumes of 10 and 30% w/v of aqueous phase in the emulsions. In addition, W/O emulsions were prepared with water of formation and addition of solutions of modified lignin and saponin, in the concentrations of 0.5 and 3%w/vthey use the emulsions prepared with in natura lignin.The factors evaluated were aging, temperature, water content, drop size, salt concentration and added natural product. Theresults showed that the emulsions formed with deionized water, formation water (5.5·104mg·L-1of NaCl) and saturated NaCl solution (2.7·105mg·L-1) showed stability even after aging for 30 daysand when subjected to heating. The emulsions prepared with formation water had a higher DSD value than those prepared with saturatedNaCl solution and deionized water, respectively. This distinction between droplet sizes can be related to the presence of different charge ions in the formation water. The results for the emulsions prepared with addition of natural products showed that the in natura and modified lignin behaved as a good emulsifying agent when added in low concentration and quantity. The saponin presented as a good emulsifier under the established experimental conditions. The main component analysis of the infrared spectra data showed that only emulsions prepared with 30% w/v aqueous phase of water formation and addition of saponin presented different behavior than the other emulsions evaluated. This suggests that the emulsions prepared with deionized water, formation water and lignin addition (in natura and modified) did not change the chemical profile of the studied oil |
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Filgueiras, Paulo RobertoSilva, Mayara daCastro, Eustáquio Vinícius Ribeiro deRocha, Julia Tristão do Carmo2019-03-11T12:43:52Z2019-03-112019-03-11T12:43:52Z2018-02-16Water-in-oil (W/O) oil emulsions are present from well drilling to refining and cause various problems. Heavy oils have higher amounts of polar compounds than light petroleum and this causes the formation of emulsions with high stability. Such emulsions need to be dehydrated to reduce the impacts generated. Thus, studying and evaluating the factors that affect the stability of an emulsion is important for the oil industry. Due to the lack of information on the evaluation of the behavior of W/O emulsions by the addition of natural products, in this work a study was carried out on the effect of lignin addition on W/Oemulsions of a heavy oil (gravity of13.7) with asphaltene content 7wt% and 32wt%resins. Initially, to check the droplet size distribution (DSD), select the ideal mechanical rotationand the influence of the electrolyte type on the stability, emulsions were prepared by adding volumes of 10, 20, 30, 35 and 40% w/v of two types of water (deionized and formed) under mechanical stirring at 2500, 5000, 10000 and 15000 rpm and a saturated NaCl solution added to the oil at the rates of 10, 20 and 30% w/v homogenized in the rotation of 5000 rpm. When the best working conditions (5000 rpm) were chosen and due to the natural occurrence of formation of W/O emulsions with formation water in the oil exploration process, the preparation of the emulsions for testing with natural product consisted of the homogenization of the oil with water of formation and addition of alkaline lignin solution in nature at the concentration of 0.5 and 3% w/v. Formationand lignin water contents totaled the volumes of 10 and 30% w/v of aqueous phase in the emulsions. In addition, W/O emulsions were prepared with water of formation and addition of solutions of modified lignin and saponin, in the concentrations of 0.5 and 3%w/vthey use the emulsions prepared with in natura lignin.The factors evaluated were aging, temperature, water content, drop size, salt concentration and added natural product. Theresults showed that the emulsions formed with deionized water, formation water (5.5·104mg·L-1of NaCl) and saturated NaCl solution (2.7·105mg·L-1) showed stability even after aging for 30 daysand when subjected to heating. The emulsions prepared with formation water had a higher DSD value than those prepared with saturatedNaCl solution and deionized water, respectively. This distinction between droplet sizes can be related to the presence of different charge ions in the formation water. The results for the emulsions prepared with addition of natural products showed that the in natura and modified lignin behaved as a good emulsifying agent when added in low concentration and quantity. The saponin presented as a good emulsifier under the established experimental conditions. The main component analysis of the infrared spectra data showed that only emulsions prepared with 30% w/v aqueous phase of water formation and addition of saponin presented different behavior than the other emulsions evaluated. This suggests that the emulsions prepared with deionized water, formation water and lignin addition (in natura and modified) did not change the chemical profile of the studied oilAs emulsões de petróleo do tipo água em óleo (A/O) estão presentes desde a perfuração do poço até o refino e causam diversos problemas. Os petróleos pesados possuem maiores quantidades de compostos polares que um petróleo leve e isso provoca a formação de emulsões com alta estabilidade. Tais emulsões precisam ser desidratadas para reduzir os impactos gerados. Assim, estudar e avaliar os fatores que afetam a estabilidade de uma emulsão é importante para a indústria do petróleo. Devido à falta de informações sobre a avaliação do comportamento de emulsões A/O através da adição de produtos naturais, no presente trabalho foi realizado um estudo sobre o efeito da adição de lignina em emulsões A/O de um petróleo pesado (°API de 13,7) com teor de asfaltenos 7% m/m e 32% m/m de resinas. Inicialmente para verificar a distribuição do tamanho de gotas (DTG), selecionar a rotação mecânica ideal de trabalho e a influência do tipo de eletrólito na estabilidade, foram preparadas emulsões adicionando volumes de 10, 20, 30, 35 e 40% m/v de dois tipos de água (deionizada e formação) sob agitação mecânica de 2500, 5000, 10000 e 15000 rpm e uma solução saturada de NaCl adicionada ao óleo nos teores de 10, 20 e 30% m/v homogeneizadas na rotação de 5000 rpm. Escolhida as melhores condições de trabalho (5000 rpm) e devida à ocorrência natural de formação de emulsões A/O com água de formação, o preparo das emulsões para teste com produto natural consistiu na homogeneização do óleo com água de formação e adição de solução alcalina de lignina in natura na concentração de 0,5 e 3% m/v. Os teores de água de formação e lignina totalizavam os volumes de 10 e 30% m/v de fase aquosa nas emulsões. Adicionalmente, foram preparadas emulsões A/O com água de formação e adição de soluções de lignina modificada e saponina, nas concentrações de 0,5 e 3% m/v utilizando o mesmo procedimento das emulsões preparadas com lignina in natura. Os fatores avaliados foram o envelhecimento, temperatura, teor de água, tamanho de gota, concentração de sais e de produto natural adicionado. Os resultados mostraram que as emulsões formadas com água deionizada, água de formação (5,5·104 mg·L-1 de NaCl) e solução saturada de NaCl (2,7·105 mg·L-1) apresentaram estabilidade mesmo após envelhecimento por 30 dias e ao serem submetidas a aquecimento. As emulsões preparadas com água de formação apresentaram maior valor de DTG do que as que foram preparadas com solução saturada de NaCl e água deionizada, respectivamente. Isso pode ter ocorrido devido a presença de íons de diferentes cargas na água de formação. Os resultados para as emulsões preparadas com adição de produtos naturais mostram que a lignina in natura e modificada se comportaram como um bom agente emulsificante quando adicionado em baixa concentração e quantidade. A saponina se apresentou como um bom emulsificador nas condições experimentais estabelecidas. A análise por componentes principais dos dados dos espectros de infravermelho mostraram que somente as emulsões preparadas com fase aquosa 30% m/v de água de formação e adição de saponina apresentaram comportamento diferente das demais emulsões avaliadas. Isto sugere que as emulsões preparadas saponina em alta concentração pode ter provocado alteração do perfil químico do petróleo estudado.TextSILVA, Mayara da. Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado. 2018. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) – Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, 2018.http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/10772porUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoMestrado em QuímicaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em QuímicaUFESBRCentro de Ciências ExatasEmulsionHeavy oilStabilityHomogeneityLigninEmulsãoPetróleo pesadoEstabilidadeHomogeneidadeLigninaQuímica54Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesadoStudy of the Effect of Lignin on Water in Oil Emulsions of Heavy Oilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)instname:Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)instacron:UFESORIGINALMayara-da-Silva-2018-trabalho.pdfapplication/pdf3473314http://repositorio.ufes.br/bitstreams/2618f554-240b-45fb-943e-c5c612b3d6fd/download4280f4da3781bc43154910025667d5ceMD5110/107722024-06-28 17:52:27.871oai:repositorio.ufes.br:10/10772http://repositorio.ufes.brRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.ufes.br/oai/requestopendoar:21082024-06-28T17:52:27Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado |
dc.title.alternative.none.fl_str_mv |
Study of the Effect of Lignin on Water in Oil Emulsions of Heavy Oil |
title |
Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado |
spellingShingle |
Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado Silva, Mayara da Emulsion Heavy oil Stability Homogeneity Lignin Emulsão Petróleo pesado Estabilidade Homogeneidade Lignina Química 54 |
title_short |
Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado |
title_full |
Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado |
title_fullStr |
Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado |
title_sort |
Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado |
author |
Silva, Mayara da |
author_facet |
Silva, Mayara da |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Filgueiras, Paulo Roberto |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Mayara da |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Castro, Eustáquio Vinícius Ribeiro de |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Rocha, Julia Tristão do Carmo |
contributor_str_mv |
Filgueiras, Paulo Roberto Castro, Eustáquio Vinícius Ribeiro de Rocha, Julia Tristão do Carmo |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Emulsion Heavy oil Stability Homogeneity Lignin |
topic |
Emulsion Heavy oil Stability Homogeneity Lignin Emulsão Petróleo pesado Estabilidade Homogeneidade Lignina Química 54 |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Emulsão Petróleo pesado Estabilidade Homogeneidade Lignina |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
Química |
dc.subject.udc.none.fl_str_mv |
54 |
description |
Water-in-oil (W/O) oil emulsions are present from well drilling to refining and cause various problems. Heavy oils have higher amounts of polar compounds than light petroleum and this causes the formation of emulsions with high stability. Such emulsions need to be dehydrated to reduce the impacts generated. Thus, studying and evaluating the factors that affect the stability of an emulsion is important for the oil industry. Due to the lack of information on the evaluation of the behavior of W/O emulsions by the addition of natural products, in this work a study was carried out on the effect of lignin addition on W/Oemulsions of a heavy oil (gravity of13.7) with asphaltene content 7wt% and 32wt%resins. Initially, to check the droplet size distribution (DSD), select the ideal mechanical rotationand the influence of the electrolyte type on the stability, emulsions were prepared by adding volumes of 10, 20, 30, 35 and 40% w/v of two types of water (deionized and formed) under mechanical stirring at 2500, 5000, 10000 and 15000 rpm and a saturated NaCl solution added to the oil at the rates of 10, 20 and 30% w/v homogenized in the rotation of 5000 rpm. When the best working conditions (5000 rpm) were chosen and due to the natural occurrence of formation of W/O emulsions with formation water in the oil exploration process, the preparation of the emulsions for testing with natural product consisted of the homogenization of the oil with water of formation and addition of alkaline lignin solution in nature at the concentration of 0.5 and 3% w/v. Formationand lignin water contents totaled the volumes of 10 and 30% w/v of aqueous phase in the emulsions. In addition, W/O emulsions were prepared with water of formation and addition of solutions of modified lignin and saponin, in the concentrations of 0.5 and 3%w/vthey use the emulsions prepared with in natura lignin.The factors evaluated were aging, temperature, water content, drop size, salt concentration and added natural product. Theresults showed that the emulsions formed with deionized water, formation water (5.5·104mg·L-1of NaCl) and saturated NaCl solution (2.7·105mg·L-1) showed stability even after aging for 30 daysand when subjected to heating. The emulsions prepared with formation water had a higher DSD value than those prepared with saturatedNaCl solution and deionized water, respectively. This distinction between droplet sizes can be related to the presence of different charge ions in the formation water. The results for the emulsions prepared with addition of natural products showed that the in natura and modified lignin behaved as a good emulsifying agent when added in low concentration and quantity. The saponin presented as a good emulsifier under the established experimental conditions. The main component analysis of the infrared spectra data showed that only emulsions prepared with 30% w/v aqueous phase of water formation and addition of saponin presented different behavior than the other emulsions evaluated. This suggests that the emulsions prepared with deionized water, formation water and lignin addition (in natura and modified) did not change the chemical profile of the studied oil |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2018-02-16 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2019-03-11T12:43:52Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2019-03-11 2019-03-11T12:43:52Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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SILVA, Mayara da. Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado. 2018. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) – Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, 2018. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/10772 |
identifier_str_mv |
SILVA, Mayara da. Estudo do efeito da lignina em emulsões água em óleo de petróleo pesado. 2018. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) – Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, 2018. |
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Mestrado em Química |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química |
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UFES |
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BR |
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Centro de Ciências Exatas |
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Mestrado em Química |
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