Análise da eficiência das ferrovias especializadas em transporte de minério de ferro e pelotas pertencentes às empresas mineradoras e usinas de pelotização por meio do método Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

• Autor(a) principal: Fontan, Renata Guimarães de Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/10897
• topic: Rail transport Efficiency; Railways specialized in the transport of iron ore and pellets; Eficiência do transporte ferroviário de carga; Ferrovias especializadas em Minério de Ferro e Pelotas; Engenharia Civil; Análise envoltória de dados; Transporte ferroviário de carga; Minérios de ferro; Ferrovias; 624

The worldwide market for iron ore extracts and trades more than two billion tons per year. The few mining companies set a production system integrating mines and/or pelletizing plant, railway and port to reduce their costs. These railways are considered as a cost for the mining process and cover high investments and operating costs. The study proposes to analyze comparatively the performance of twelve railways specialized in the transport of iron ore and pellets, which are properties of the mining/pellets companies. These railways are in four continents, distributed in ten countries. For this purpose, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology was used with Constant Scale Returns (CCR) and output orientation. The objective is to measure the efficiency of the railways and identify their position in relation to the other railways. As input variables were adopted: the number of operational wagons, the number of wagons of the most predominant train type and the load per axle of the wagon. The TKU was used as the output variable, which represents the useful ton carried by the distance traveled. Frontier Analyst software was used to solve the proposed DEA model. In the result obtained, three railroads were considered as efficient: Carajás Railroad (EFC), Mount Newman (NEWM) and Fortescue (FMG). Railroads Vitoria-Minas Railroad (EFVM), Hamersley (RTHA) and Roy Hill (RHILL) could reach their efficiency frontier with increased TKU output, as suggested by the results generated by the software. The railroads Robe River (RTRR), QNS & L, Cartier (CART), Yekepa-Buchanan Line (AML), Iron Ore Line (IOL) and Mauritania (MAUR) need to increase the TKU achieved in 2016 by more than 140% to achieve efficiency. To increase the amount of MFe and PLMFe transported, it is necessary to analyze the productive capacity of MFe mines, evaluating the production scenario: exhaustion, stability or growth. In addition, it is necessary to study the market before increasing production, since an oversupply of MFe and PLMFe could unbalance the market, reducing the price of these commodities and the profit margin of the miners and pelletizing plants.