Masculino e feminino no contexto da família: representações sociais e práticas educativas em famílias de classe popular

• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Célia Regina Rangel
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/3159
• topic: Psicologia; 159.9

The co-inhabitance of different generations and the distribution of roles that take places in the context of the family lead to the recognition of permanencies and transformations in the traditional gender representations. It is important to consider, however, the factors that influence familiar culture and consequently, its practices and values. The objective of this study is to identify the social representation of gender in families of a economically underprivileged district of Vitória (State of Espírito Santo, Brazil), considering how these representations are present in the family interaction and in the socialization practices among teenagers of both sexes. We also aim at identifying the differences and similarities between the social representations of gender from one generation to another. The investigation has been structured in two stages. In the first stage, we made semi-structured interviews with 44 families. In 30 of these families, a mother and a father (or persons who represented this roles) was interviewed, besides at least one teenage child. In the remaining 14 families, the mother and a teenage child were interviewed. In the second stage, we interviewed three families who had participated of the first phase for deepening and complementing the data collected in the earlier interviews. In this case, a teenage female, a teenage male, the father and the mother were interviewed. Concerning the interviews of the first stage, we applied content analysis to organize the results of the open questions, while the SPSS program (version 8) was used to systematize the closed questions. In particular, applying the latter had the objective of raising a descriptive characterization of the families and the groups of participants, mothers, fathers and teenagers. Finally, we used a procedure of the phenomenological method to organize the interviews with the three families of the second stage. The interviews of all the participants of the same family were grouped and transformed into a single narrative, considering the following units of meaning: relationship in the family; representations of gender; and expectations for the future. Although the results lead to the recognition of some social changes involving gender roles, most of the identified social representations and family practices disclose traditional social representations of gender and of the roles that men and woman must play in the family. Comparing the social representations of teenagers with those of the parents, we perceive more similarities than differences, that is, more permanencies than transformations. Among others factors, we consider that the lack of alternatives for overcoming economical difficulties and limited perspectives of changing their poor situation for the young increase the differences of gender in the relations of poor families and delay these transformations.