Efeito da adubação inorgânica na fisiologia e na anatomia do pau-brasil (Caesalpinia echinata Lam.)

• Autor(a) principal: Canal, Emerson Campos
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9970
• topic: Atlantic Forest - trees; Plant growth; Fertilization; Xylem; Crescimento; Fertilização; Xilema; Agronomia; Fisiologia vegetal; Adubação; Pau-brasil; Anatomia vegetal; Mudas; Mata Atlântica; 57

Brazilwood (Caesalpinia echinataLam) was widely distributed in the Brazilian coast at the time of Portuguese colonization. The risk of species extinction requires and the crescentdemand for seedlings of native species hadrequired research to provide seedlings with high initial growth and good survival after planting. This study aims to evaluate the effect of mineral fertilization on the physiology and anatomy of brazilwood. The fertilizationswere made between the period of January 2008 and April 2009 using the following formulations: (NH4)2SO4(N), P2O5(P), KCl (K), NPK 04:14:08 and NPK 10:10: 10.Growth measurements were made at 240 and 450 days after the first fertilization. Wasmeasured stem height, stem diameter, leaf area and plant dry weight. Fromthese measures were calculatedbiomass partitioning and relative growth rate. At 450 days were also analyzed the concentrations of foliar nutrients, chlorophyllsaandb, carotenoids, chlorophyll afluorescence, structural carbohydrates of the stem, stem lignin, and xylem anatomy. There was no significant difference in relative growth rate and total dry mass. The N treatment, NPK 04:14:08 and NPK 10:10:10 stimulated further development of shoot and stem shown higher values for the stem mass ratio. Formulations based on N also provided higher concentrations of N, manganese, leaf pigments,higher concentrations of fucose and stem lignin. The control and treatments with P and K, on the other hand, showed higher values for the ratio of root mass/shoot mass (R/PA), higher concentrations of glucose (resulting from acid hydrolysis ) and a higher proportion of insoluble lignin. NPK 10:10:10 treatment stood outto loweramount of starch, loweramount of crystals and lower fiber wall thickness. The control had higher values forvessels length, xylem fibers length and fiber wall thickness. It is concluded that the seedlings grown withoutfertilizationare appropriate, since it has features like greater R/PA, lower production cost, best resultsrelated to wood density and higher concentrations of structural glucose in xylem