Consumo de Água em Unidades Básicas de Saúde no Município de Vitória – ES

• Autor(a) principal: Zamprogno, Anna Paula Madeiro
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/15120
• topic: Engenharia Sanitária; Consumo de água; indicador de consumo; uso racional de água; unidade básica de saúde; subject.br-rjbn

This research sought to establish water consumption indicators in health care facilities in the city of Vitória – ES, through the analysis of the consumption history measured by the water company supply, during 36 months. The indicators used for hydraulic calculations found in the literature are based on data from similar buildings, such as clinics and public buildings, with the use of data in health care facilities being relevant. In addition to the study of indicators, a water characterization was carried out through surveys and field interviews, in order to understand the final uses of water and establish estimates of demand and supply of water. It is worth mentioning, that, during the data collection, water consumption in the analyzed building was influenced by the context of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020, with a reduction in the number of employees and the number of services, and a consequent reduction in water consumption in 65% of the analyzed buildings. The consumption indicators showed a variation from 22.47 to 132.48 L/person.day-1 and an average of 46.54L/person.day-1, in the period 2018 and 2019. It was also analyzed the potential for water conservation, as well as recommending sustainable actions in buildings, in order to boost more rational consumption of water resources. Through simulation of a scenario for the adoption of energy-saving equipment, the possibility of reducing the consumption of potable water was evaluated. With the adoption of toilets with attached box, there would be a reduction of 6.09% in the daily consumption of water and, added to the installation of aerators in faucets, the reduction reaches 12.34% in the daily consumption. From the water balance prepared for a health care facility, the demand for non-drinking water corresponds to 51.43% of the total daily consumption, which suggests the adoption of alternative sources of water, such as gray water and use of rainwater. The estimated supply of gray water corresponds to 13.50% of the volume of generated effluents and rainwater supplies the demand in almost every month of the year. To enable the use of these alernative sources, the implementation of hydro-sanitary systems with double pipe networks is recommended.