Ecofisiologia, fenologia e adaptação de espécies florestais arbóreas nas condições edafoclimáticas de Viana-ES

• Autor(a) principal: Barbosa, Jesus Fernando Miranda
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/1209
• topic: Adaptation; Arboretum; Biomes; Phenology; Tree species; Arboreto; Biomas; Espécies arbóreas; Agronomia; Adaptação (Biologia); Florestas; Fenologia; Ecossistemas; 57

The intense human activity devastates large native forests areas, either for agriculture expansion or to supply the growing wood market; anyway, the small forest fragments remaining suffer constant anthropic pressure. However, the use of adapted tree species may contribute to the natural resources protection. This present study aimed the evaluation of phenological patterns from 109 forest tree species, belonging to 37 families and 82 genders, between native and exotic, with 9 years old, to differentiate the most adapted and with potential to be used in reforesting programs. The search was conducted at Incaper’s Experimental Farm, in Jucuruaba, Viana-ES city, (UTM E-345524, N-7741039). It was performed soil chemical analysis of the planted area and the weather data was obtained in Viana’s meteorological station. The study was based on the observation of the number of surviving plants from each specie and its growth evaluation. Observations of the budding phenophases, leaves senescence, flowering and fruiting were performed. Phenological evaluations were developed monthly, from November 2012 to October 2013. It were collected data from the measurement of tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), index of foliage, survival rate and calculating the CGI (Combined Growth Index), as well as the determination of the most appropriate species. From the 109 species studied, 64.22% showed functional and structural adaptation to soil and climate conditions of the experimental region; 42.22% flowered and fruited; and 90% showed senescence and budding following seasonality. Twenty-nine species showed a GIC higher than the average. Most species stood out as an alternative to local vegetation recovery, especially Inga uruguensis and Schizolobium amazonicum. The chlorophyll fluorescence analysis revealed that the photosynthetic apparatus of Schizolobium amazonicum was able to protect it from photoinhibition and promote good conversion of light energy into photochemical.