Associação entre problemas bucais e surtos reacionais hansênicos : um estudo longitudinal

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Vânia Azevedo de
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/8139
• topic: Leprosy; Periodontal disease; Dental decay; Leprosy reaction; Cárie dental; Reação hansênica; Odontologia; Hanseníase; Doença periodontal; Cáries dentárias; 616.314

Objective: Describe oral alterations, know the prevalence of decay and the periodontal status, and evaluate the association between oral diseases and reactional outbreaks of leprosy in patients with leprosy. Methods: This is an epidemiological observational longitudinal study in which result was the leprosy reaction. It follows 132 patients diagnosed with tuberculoid (TT) and lepromatous (LL) leprosy during treatment with polychemotherapy (PCT) from April 2006 to April 2009 in two health care facilities in the municipality of Serra, state of Espírito Santo. The DMFT index was used to estimate dental decay; periodontal probe in pocket depth measurements were used to estimate the periodontal status, which was classified according to the prevalence, extension, and severity of periodontal disease (Albandar et al 1995); and biopsies of oral tissue were used to assess oral alterations. The reactional outbreaks of leprosy and other data on leprosy were obtained from the diseased person’s leprosy control program follow-up form in the health care facilities where the study was performed. Results: Results showed an average of 15 extractions due to decay (DMFT = 15.05), 77.3% of the sample show some degree of periodontal disease, 19.9% have lost almost all, if not all, teeth, 61.4% do not show any filling. Prevalence of lesions in oral tissues was 6.06%, 33.3% showed lesions on the skin of the face. An association was found between the presence of periodontal disease and reactional outbreak of leprosy (p = 0.049). Conclusions: There is a considerable reduction in oral lesions in leprosy patients after the introduction of polychemotherapy. Periodontal disease in patients with leprosy reflects the epidemiological reality of the Brazilian population. An association of statistical significance was found between periodontal disease and leprosy reaction may be an incentive for future investigations on leprosy, leprosy reactions, periodontal disease, and its immunological interfaces.