Condições de nascimento e amamentação e saúde cardiovascular de crianças de 9 e 10 anos

• Autor(a) principal: Batista, Milena Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/1826
• topic: Children; Low birth weight; Prematurity; Arterial stiffness; Breastfeeding; Hypertension; Obesity; Prematuridade; Rigidez arterial; Obesidade; Saúde Coletiva; Artérias - Doenças; Baixo peso ao nascer; Prematuros; Amamentação; Hipertensão; Crianças; 614

There are evidences that risk factors for the occurrence of Chronic Non-Communicable diseases begin silently in early stages of development. This question was raised from studies related to birth weight in the development of diseases in adulthood, whose hypothesis is based on the idea that the fetus would be programmed in utero, mainly nutritional factors that influence the metabolism and physiology the individual throughout life. The objective of this research was investigate the cardiovascular health of children 9-10 years and their relation to perinatal conditions (low birth weight and prematurity) and breastfeeding. We evaluated 231 children of both sexes enrolled in public and private schools of the city of Vitória / ES. The children attended fasting, were accompanied by their guardians to the Cardiovascular Research Center of UFES for exams anthropometric, laboratory and hemodynamic (blood pressure and pulse wave velocity carotid-femoral). On the day of the visit, children and their parents completed a questionnaire on health issues, and were instructed to collect the urine of 12 hours night. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of continuous variables and then performed the Student t test for independent samples or Mann Whitney. The chi-square (X2) was used to assess the distribution of categorical variables. Hemodynamic variables, categorized into tertiles were analyzed using ANOVA to a route followed by the Tukey test to evaluate between groups. Continuous variables were correlated using Pearson or Spearman. We applied the multiple linear regression analysis to identify the contribution partial and total factor in determining values of PWV and blood pressure. The significance level for all tests was set at α = 0.05. There was a higher frequency in boys socioeconomic classes A + B (61%) and overweight status (girls = 38%, boys = 51%, p = 0.05). The low birth weight was more common among girls (girls = 18%, boys = 7%, p = 0.01). Male children had higher mean SBP (p = 0.05), PWV (p = 0.03) and birth weight (p <0.01) when compared to girls. SBP was higher among infants born weighing less than 2500g. There was no statistical difference of mean DBP and PWV and birth weight. Preterm birth and breastfeeding were not associated with blood pressure and arterial stiffness. BMI showed significant positive association with increased SBP, DBP and PWV. Linear regression analysis indicated that 44% of the increase of SBP in children evaluated are explained by BMI. For DBP the variables that remained in the model were BMI and PWV changes in explaining 38% of PAD. Factors that explained the changes in PWV were BMI and DBP (0.29, p <0.01). We conclude that the hypothesis of fetal programming and child was not proven in this study and that only BMI was associated with increased SBP, DBP and PWV after adjustment for sex.