Climate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Ocean

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Gaurisas, Daniela Yepes
Data de Publicação: 2024
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17426
Resumo: The deep ocean is the largest and least known ecosystem on Earth, occupying more than 70% of the planet's surface and supporting almost the highest biodiversity on the planet, with unique diversity hotspots, but still, many of these areas have not even been mapped. Deep-sea marine ecosystems are particularly important in regulating the climate and the cycling of matter and energy on Earth. However, human activities such as fishing, oil and gas exploitation, and mining have intensified in recent decades, impacting deep benthic ecosystems and decreasing the important benefits they provide. Recent data indicates that the Atlantic Ocean is already experiencing significant abiotic changes and will continue to be impacted by global climate changes in the coming decades, expected to be more severe in tropical zones and faster in deeper ocean layers. Given that all these stressors can significantly alter deep-sea biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, deepening the knowledge of ecological processes in Atlantic deep benthic ecosystems is imperative. In this sense, this thesis has advanced in three main topics 1) clarifying benthic biogeographic patterns on the deep Brazilian margin, Western Atlantic; 2) experimentally assessing the role of the macrofauna in an abyssal ecosystem functioning in the NE Tropical Atlantic; and 3) experimentally evaluating the effects of future climate change stressors on a bathyal macrofaunal community in the NE Tropical Atlantic and elucidating the potential impacts of these stressors on benthic ecosystem functioning. Therefore, the first chapter provides a brief introduction to the theme of the thesis and its subsequent chapters, highlighting the importance of knowing the biodiversity, distribution, and the role of benthic organisms in the cycling of elements and nutrients on the seafloor. The second chapter analyses the composition and distribution of the benthos along the Brazilian deep continental margin and proposes the first biogeographical scheme for the Brazilian deep-sea based on latitudinal and temperature boundaries. The third chapter studies the characterization of a macrofaunal community in the abyssal NE Tropical Atlantic and, for the first time, assesses ecosystem functioning with a focus on the macrofauna role on organic matter cycling. The fourth chapter corresponds to the first ex-situ multi-stressor experiment evaluating the synergistic effects of climate change on a macrofaunal assemblage in the deep Atlantic. This thesis progressively reveals the importance of these approaches for understanding the functioning of deep-sea ecosystems in the Atlantic as a whole, and, therefore, indicates possible responses to climate changes expected for the next century.
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spelling 141Bernardino, Angelo Fragahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1838-4597http://lattes.cnpq.br/7955326454008127Gaurisas, Daniela Yepeshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-0834http://lattes.cnpq.br/5871499512209882Joyeux , Jean Christophe https://orcid.org/http://lattes.cnpq.br/9764759048676848Domenico, Maikon Di https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-3962http://lattes.cnpq.br/8571953244068598Sumida, Paulo Yukio Gomeshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7549-4541http://lattes.cnpq.br/63111819347187372024-06-20T12:47:31Z2024-06-20T12:47:31Z2024-01-03The deep ocean is the largest and least known ecosystem on Earth, occupying more than 70% of the planet's surface and supporting almost the highest biodiversity on the planet, with unique diversity hotspots, but still, many of these areas have not even been mapped. Deep-sea marine ecosystems are particularly important in regulating the climate and the cycling of matter and energy on Earth. However, human activities such as fishing, oil and gas exploitation, and mining have intensified in recent decades, impacting deep benthic ecosystems and decreasing the important benefits they provide. Recent data indicates that the Atlantic Ocean is already experiencing significant abiotic changes and will continue to be impacted by global climate changes in the coming decades, expected to be more severe in tropical zones and faster in deeper ocean layers. Given that all these stressors can significantly alter deep-sea biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, deepening the knowledge of ecological processes in Atlantic deep benthic ecosystems is imperative. In this sense, this thesis has advanced in three main topics 1) clarifying benthic biogeographic patterns on the deep Brazilian margin, Western Atlantic; 2) experimentally assessing the role of the macrofauna in an abyssal ecosystem functioning in the NE Tropical Atlantic; and 3) experimentally evaluating the effects of future climate change stressors on a bathyal macrofaunal community in the NE Tropical Atlantic and elucidating the potential impacts of these stressors on benthic ecosystem functioning. Therefore, the first chapter provides a brief introduction to the theme of the thesis and its subsequent chapters, highlighting the importance of knowing the biodiversity, distribution, and the role of benthic organisms in the cycling of elements and nutrients on the seafloor. The second chapter analyses the composition and distribution of the benthos along the Brazilian deep continental margin and proposes the first biogeographical scheme for the Brazilian deep-sea based on latitudinal and temperature boundaries. The third chapter studies the characterization of a macrofaunal community in the abyssal NE Tropical Atlantic and, for the first time, assesses ecosystem functioning with a focus on the macrofauna role on organic matter cycling. The fourth chapter corresponds to the first ex-situ multi-stressor experiment evaluating the synergistic effects of climate change on a macrofaunal assemblage in the deep Atlantic. This thesis progressively reveals the importance of these approaches for understanding the functioning of deep-sea ecosystems in the Atlantic as a whole, and, therefore, indicates possible responses to climate changes expected for the next century.O oceano profundo é o maior e menos conhecido ecossistema da Terra, ocupando mais de 70% da superfície do planeta e sustentando quase a maior biodiversidade do planeta, com hotspots de diversidade únicos, mas ainda assim, muitas destas áreas continuam sem ser mapeadas. Os ecossistemas marinhos de águas profundas são particularmente importantes na regulação do clima e na ciclagem da matéria e da energia na Terra. No entanto, as atividades humanas, como a pesca, a exploração de petróleo e gás e a mineração, intensificaram-se nas últimas décadas, impactando os ecossistemas bentônicos profundos e diminuindo os importantes benefícios que eles proporcionam. Dados recentes indicam que o Oceano Atlântico já está sob alterações abióticas significativas e que continuará a ser impactado pelas alterações climáticas globais nas próximas décadas, que se espera sejam mais severas nas zonas de ressurgência tropical e mais rápidas nas camadas oceânicas mais profundas. Dado que todos estes fatores de estresse podem alterar significativamente a biodiversidade do mar profundo e o funcionamento de seus ecossistemas, é imperativo aprofundar o conhecimento dos processos ecológicos nos ecossistemas bentônicos profundos do Atlântico. Nesse sentido, esta tese avançou em três tópicos principais 1) esclarecimento dos padrões biogeográficos bentônicos na margem continental profunda do Brasil, Atlântico Ocidental; 2) avaliar experimentalmente o papel da macrofauna no funcionamento de um ecossistema abissal no Atlântico Tropical NE; e 3) avaliar experimentalmente os efeitos de estressores futuros das mudanças climáticas numa comunidade de macrofauna batial no Atlântico Tropical NE, elucidando os impactos potenciais desses estressores no funcionamento do ecossistema bentônico. O primeiro capítulo traz uma breve introdução ao tema da tese e seus capítulos subsequentes, destacando a importância de conhecer a biodiversidade, a distribuição e o papel dos organismos bentônicos na ciclagem de elementos e nutrientes no fundo do mar. O segundo capítulo analisa a composição e distribuição do bentos ao longo da margem continental brasileira profunda e propõe o primeiro esquema biogeográfico para o mar profundo brasileiro baseado em limites latitudinais e de temperatura. O terceiro capítulo estuda a caracterização da comunidade da macrofauna no Atlântico Tropical NE abissal e, pela primeira vez, avalia o funcionamento do ecossistema com foco no papel da macrofauna na ciclagem da matéria orgânica. O quarto capítulo corresponde ao primeiro experimento multi-estressor ex-situ que avalia os efeitos sinérgicos das mudanças climáticas em uma assembleia de macrofauna no Atlântico profundo. Essa tese revela progressivamente a importância destas abordagens para a compreensão do funcionamento dos ecossistemas de águas profundas no Atlântico como um todo, e, portanto, indica possíveis respostas ante alterações climáticas esperadas para o próximo século.FAPESHorizon 2020 (iAtlantic)Texthttp://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17426porUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoDoutorado em Biologia AnimalPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências BiológicasUFESBRCentro de Ciências Humanas e Naturaissubject.br-rjbnÁrea(s) do conhecimento do documento (Tabela CNPq)Oceano Atlântico profundobiogeografiabentosfuncionamento de ecossistemasisótopos estáveisaquecimento globalClimate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Oceantitle.alternativeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)instname:Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)instacron:UFESemail@ufes.brORIGINALDanielaYepesGaurisas-2024-tese.pdfDanielaYepesGaurisas-2024-tese.pdfapplication/pdf3405487http://repositorio.ufes.br/bitstreams/d362b4ee-7a82-4881-b9fd-da3fd2d2f71e/download709afec376a0cbbd076914e05a56d412MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748http://repositorio.ufes.br/bitstreams/6403b7af-7130-443a-aecb-d0646a3de844/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD5210/174262024-08-29 11:25:08.22oai:repositorio.ufes.br:10/17426http://repositorio.ufes.brRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.ufes.br/oai/requestopendoar:21082024-10-15T17:53:51.055008Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)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
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Climate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Ocean
dc.title.alternative.none.fl_str_mv title.alternative
title Climate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Ocean
spellingShingle Climate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Ocean
Gaurisas, Daniela Yepes
Área(s) do conhecimento do documento (Tabela CNPq)
Oceano Atlântico profundo
biogeografia
bentos
funcionamento de ecossistemas
isótopos estáveis
aquecimento global
subject.br-rjbn
title_short Climate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Ocean
title_full Climate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Ocean
title_fullStr Climate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Ocean
title_full_unstemmed Climate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Ocean
title_sort Climate Change Impacts On Deep-Sea Benthic Assemblages In The Atlantic Ocean
author Gaurisas, Daniela Yepes
author_facet Gaurisas, Daniela Yepes
author_role author
dc.contributor.authorID.none.fl_str_mv https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-0834
dc.contributor.authorLattes.none.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/5871499512209882
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Bernardino, Angelo Fraga
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1838-4597
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/7955326454008127
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Gaurisas, Daniela Yepes
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Joyeux , Jean Christophe
dc.contributor.referee1ID.fl_str_mv https://orcid.org/
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/9764759048676848
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Domenico, Maikon Di
dc.contributor.referee2ID.fl_str_mv https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-3962
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/8571953244068598
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Sumida, Paulo Yukio Gomes
dc.contributor.referee3ID.fl_str_mv https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7549-4541
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/6311181934718737
contributor_str_mv Bernardino, Angelo Fraga
Joyeux , Jean Christophe
Domenico, Maikon Di
Sumida, Paulo Yukio Gomes
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv Área(s) do conhecimento do documento (Tabela CNPq)
topic Área(s) do conhecimento do documento (Tabela CNPq)
Oceano Atlântico profundo
biogeografia
bentos
funcionamento de ecossistemas
isótopos estáveis
aquecimento global
subject.br-rjbn
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Oceano Atlântico profundo
biogeografia
bentos
funcionamento de ecossistemas
isótopos estáveis
aquecimento global
dc.subject.br-rjbn.none.fl_str_mv subject.br-rjbn
description The deep ocean is the largest and least known ecosystem on Earth, occupying more than 70% of the planet's surface and supporting almost the highest biodiversity on the planet, with unique diversity hotspots, but still, many of these areas have not even been mapped. Deep-sea marine ecosystems are particularly important in regulating the climate and the cycling of matter and energy on Earth. However, human activities such as fishing, oil and gas exploitation, and mining have intensified in recent decades, impacting deep benthic ecosystems and decreasing the important benefits they provide. Recent data indicates that the Atlantic Ocean is already experiencing significant abiotic changes and will continue to be impacted by global climate changes in the coming decades, expected to be more severe in tropical zones and faster in deeper ocean layers. Given that all these stressors can significantly alter deep-sea biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, deepening the knowledge of ecological processes in Atlantic deep benthic ecosystems is imperative. In this sense, this thesis has advanced in three main topics 1) clarifying benthic biogeographic patterns on the deep Brazilian margin, Western Atlantic; 2) experimentally assessing the role of the macrofauna in an abyssal ecosystem functioning in the NE Tropical Atlantic; and 3) experimentally evaluating the effects of future climate change stressors on a bathyal macrofaunal community in the NE Tropical Atlantic and elucidating the potential impacts of these stressors on benthic ecosystem functioning. Therefore, the first chapter provides a brief introduction to the theme of the thesis and its subsequent chapters, highlighting the importance of knowing the biodiversity, distribution, and the role of benthic organisms in the cycling of elements and nutrients on the seafloor. The second chapter analyses the composition and distribution of the benthos along the Brazilian deep continental margin and proposes the first biogeographical scheme for the Brazilian deep-sea based on latitudinal and temperature boundaries. The third chapter studies the characterization of a macrofaunal community in the abyssal NE Tropical Atlantic and, for the first time, assesses ecosystem functioning with a focus on the macrofauna role on organic matter cycling. The fourth chapter corresponds to the first ex-situ multi-stressor experiment evaluating the synergistic effects of climate change on a macrofaunal assemblage in the deep Atlantic. This thesis progressively reveals the importance of these approaches for understanding the functioning of deep-sea ecosystems in the Atlantic as a whole, and, therefore, indicates possible responses to climate changes expected for the next century.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2024-06-20T12:47:31Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2024-06-20T12:47:31Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2024-01-03
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Doutorado em Biologia Animal
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dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Doutorado em Biologia Animal
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