A construção da nação mexicana através do indigenismo de Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán

• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Caroline Faria
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/3509
• topic: National identity; Ethnic identity; Indigenism; Latin America; América Latina; Identidade nacional; História; Aguirre Beltrán, Gonzalo; Índios do México - Identidade étnica; Características nacionais mexicanas; Indigenistas - México; 93/99

The indigenous population was seen as the main obstacle to the realization of the project of construction of a homogeneous nation-State since Mexican Independence. As from the twentieth century, the Mexican State started a project of political and cultural transformation, called indigenism , which aimed to integrate the population poliétnica of Mexico. At that time, the doctor and anthropologist Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán took on a leading role, since some of his integrationist ideas were taken as official by the Mexican State. This study sought to analyze aspects of integrationist indigenous policy, elaborated by Aguirre Beltrán, which was guided in the induction of the integration of the indigenous communities to the world breed. In this analysis, we use the concept of acculturation formulated by the author, as well as its operacionalization within such communities with the purpose of building a monoethnic nation-State. We also analyze the criticism that arose in late 1970 to the integrationist project as well as the answer of Aguirre Beltrán to such criticism and his defense of the integracionism. Finally, we observed the aspects in which the integrationist project failed and its relationship with some of the social movements that broke out in Mexico from the late 1970. In this analysis, three works by Aguirre Beltrán became fundamental: "El processo de aculturación " (1957), "Regiones de Refugio" (1967) and "Obra Polémica" (1976).