Desaguamento do lodo de estação de tratamento de água através do uso de blocos drenantes

• Autor(a) principal: Alves, Victor Matheus Bonifacio
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9530
• topic: Polymer; drainage block; dewatering; Blocos drenantes; bloco drenante; desaguamento; Engenharia Sanitária; Lodo residual; Polímeros; Água - Estações de tratamento; 628

The dewatering process is one of the techniques used in the separation of liquid solid that seeks, the reduction of the volume and consequently facilitate the transport and final disposal of treatment residues. The dewatering can be by use of natural or mechanized systems for water removal. This work aims to study the dewatering of sludge from the flotation unit of the Water Treatment Station located in the district of Coqueiral in Aracruz ES. Characterization of the sludge generated in the treatment process and the dry sludge were carried out in the dewatering tests, according to ABNT NBR 10.004, 10.005 and 10.006, which deal with obtaining leached extract and solubilized solid wastes and their classification. Nevertheless, water quality evaluation of the Santur lagoon downstream, amount and at the point of release of the sludge according to CONAMA 357/2005 was carried out. In order to perform the dewatering, nine polymers were tested between anionic, nonionic and cationic by conditioning and performing the specific resistance tests and inversion test. From the best polymer identified, the sludge was dried using a drainage block modified drying bed. Empirical models were used to estimate the volume of sludge produced by the Water Treatment Plant and compared to the values obtained experimentally. With the measured data, it was carried out the dimensioning of the drying bed composed of draining blocks and economic feasibility analysis for implantation. The crude sludge and the dry sludge were classified as Class II A - Non Inert, which makes it possible to dispose of the residue. The specific strength test and the inversion test indicated the FO 4290 SH polymer of the SNF at the dosage of 2.0 mg in./g ST as the most suitable conditioner for performing the sludge dewatering. The dewatering tests showed efficiencies in the order of 93% in the content of dry solids with 30 days of drying. The estimated area of the draining block drying bed was 968 m2. From the feasibility analysis, an investment in the order of R$ 753.684,80 was identified for the construction of the drying bed with coverage and annual operating cost of the system in the amount of R$ 42.290,15.