Frequência de reações adversas relacionadas ao uso dos anestésicos locais articaína e lidocaína em odontologia

• Autor(a) principal: Bastos, Isabela Chiguti Yamashita
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/8202
• topic: Local anesthetics; Side effects; Carticaine; Anestésicos locais; Reação adversa; Carticaína; Odontologia; Anestesia local; Anestesia em odontologia; Anestésicos; 616.314

Despite the security demonstrated by local anesthetics, adverse reactions may be associated with use of these drugs. Objectives. This study determined the frequency of adverse reactions related to local dental anesthesia with 4% articaine associated with 1:100,000 epinephrine compared to 2% lidocaine associated with 1: 100,000 epinephrine, and correlate adverse reactions to factors inherent to the patient and treatment established. Materials and Methods. A total of 727 patients treated in emergency center of the School of Dentistry at São Paulo University (FOUSP), 338 patients underwent local anesthesia with 2% lidocaine associated with epinephrine 1:100,000 and 389 patients underwent local anesthesia with 4% articaine associated with epinephrine 1:100,000. For each procedure was completed a form containing patient data, applied local anesthesia and possible adverse reactions. The data tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2010 program were submitted to Fisher's exact test and chi-square test, at 5% significance level. Results. The overall incidence of adverse reactions was 3.71%, the sweating and pallor were the most observed. There was an association between adverse reactions and use of daily medication in patients anesthetized with articaine. There was no association between duration and type of procedure with the occurrence of adverse reactions in patients anesthetized with articaine, and this association was observed in those who were anesthetized with lidocaine. Even in patients anesthetized with lidocaine was no association between adverse reactions and first anesthesia. Conclusions. Due to the low frequency of adverse reactions related to the use of articaine and lidocaine both solutions are considered safe for use in dentistry. Articaine demonstrated superiority compared to lower frequency of adverse reactions in longer and/ or surgical procedures compared to lidocaine.