Estimativa de cargas poluidoras na Baía de Vitória com uso de sistemas de informações geográficas e sensoriamento remoto

• Autor(a) principal: Morais, Andréa Castro de
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/3866
• topic: Engenharia Sanitária; Esgotos; Poluentes; Sistemas de informação geográfica; Sensoriamento remoto; 628

The main purpose of this work has been the use of geographic information system techniques and remote sensing to estimate the pollution loads generated by the municipality of Vitória and Serra that can reach the bay of Vitória and channel of Passagem, aiming to aid their water quality management. These temporary discharges into the bay have also been determined since they are tide influenced. The quantification of sanitary sewers loads was based on population data from IBGE 2000 Census, on data of water supplied households by CESAN and average family income data. Among the assessed methods of calculating BOD5 load, the most satisfactory were based on data from literature and average family income. The lab analysis of the water sample collection, rainless days, in some of the main points of discharging sanitary sewers in the bay of Vitória and channel of Passagem, showed a time variation, with a tide-controlled half day cycle, when sanitary sewers reach in these locations. The following parameters were analyzed: salinity, ammoniac nitrogen, total phosphorus, thermo tolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli. The maps of land use and occupation of some of the main drainage basins of the municipality of Vitória were prepared with the aid of satellite images of Spot and Ikonos, the applications Erdas Imagine 9.1 and ArcGis 9.2, besides cartographic data obtained from IEMA, IBGE and CESAN. The rate of land urbanization is directly related to the loads of constituents of sanitary sewer, therefore, the greater the urban area, the greater the loads tend to be. The results may help the coastal management of the bay of Vitória and channel of Passagem, through the control of water pollution, favoring direct and indirect users of this region, and contribute to the production of scientific knowledge that could guide the formulation of intervention actions, the decisionmaking and urban planning in the city of Vitória and Serra.