Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santo
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes) |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7842 |
Resumo: | The development of a forest species aiming the production in plantations demands works of pre-breeding and the development of silvicultural techniques. Obtaining information that reveals the levels of genetic diversity, as well as the processes that maintain it, is necessary when it is desired to practice conservation and breeding measures. Knowing and understanding how genetic diversity is structured in geographic space contributes to the understanding of the evolutionary history and the population dynamics of the species. For most of the species of the Atlantic Forest Biome, there is still little knowledge about genetic diversity for possible breeding programs, so this work aims to generate information about the genetic variability of Anadenanthera peregrina (angico-vermelho), established in an area of planted forest in the southern region of Espírito Santo, through molecular markers. Leaf tissue samples from each plant were used for the extraction and purification of the DNA. The molecular data record was made from polymorphisms of the PCR products among genotypes, detected by 10% polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Six SSR molecular markers were used and the number, richness and frequency of alleles, frequencies and genotypic distributions, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium deviations and fixation index (F) were calculated for each locus. The values of genetic similarity between individuals in the population were estimated by the square of the mean Euclidean distance from the molecular data. Estimates of genetic dissimilarity (dii ') were made according to the arithmetic complement of the simple coincidence coefficient and organized into matrices, to be used in cluster analysis by the mean linkage between groups (UPGMA). The inference of genetic groups in the individuals of the population was made using a Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) approach. Were selected 166 individuals, each tree it had the georeferential location (by GPS) and it was characterized dendometrically (DBH and total height). All loci presented polymorphism and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 9. The mean value of PIC was informative (0.72), the expected and observed mean heterozygosity values were 0.76 and 0.74 respectively, and the ratio of these values generated negative fixation indexes (FIS) at some loci, indicating the excess of heterozygotes in the population, for the Acol 18 and Acol 18 loci, the values were positive. The genetic diversity (H ') had values equal to the expected proportion of heterozygotes (He) - 0.76, showing that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allelic richness was on average 7.64 alleles per loco. The dii 'estimates were 100% in 89 access pairs and the lowest dii' value was between 82 and 83 individuals (7.14%). The dendrogram obtained by the UPGMA method shows that the population is structured in 6 groups, and the analysis by Bayesian approach confirms that the population is structured in only 2 genetic groups (K = 2). By means of these two methods it is possible the orientation for selection of individuals with smaller or greater genetic variability, thus obtaining lots of seeds with good genetic variability for a future seed orchard |
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Caldeira, Marcos Vinicius WincklerMiranda, Fábio Demolinari deCortelete, Maressa AlbuquerqueRosado, Carla Cristina Gonçalves2018-08-01T22:57:28Z2018-08-012018-08-01T22:57:28Z2016-08-30The development of a forest species aiming the production in plantations demands works of pre-breeding and the development of silvicultural techniques. Obtaining information that reveals the levels of genetic diversity, as well as the processes that maintain it, is necessary when it is desired to practice conservation and breeding measures. Knowing and understanding how genetic diversity is structured in geographic space contributes to the understanding of the evolutionary history and the population dynamics of the species. For most of the species of the Atlantic Forest Biome, there is still little knowledge about genetic diversity for possible breeding programs, so this work aims to generate information about the genetic variability of Anadenanthera peregrina (angico-vermelho), established in an area of planted forest in the southern region of Espírito Santo, through molecular markers. Leaf tissue samples from each plant were used for the extraction and purification of the DNA. The molecular data record was made from polymorphisms of the PCR products among genotypes, detected by 10% polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Six SSR molecular markers were used and the number, richness and frequency of alleles, frequencies and genotypic distributions, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium deviations and fixation index (F) were calculated for each locus. The values of genetic similarity between individuals in the population were estimated by the square of the mean Euclidean distance from the molecular data. Estimates of genetic dissimilarity (dii ') were made according to the arithmetic complement of the simple coincidence coefficient and organized into matrices, to be used in cluster analysis by the mean linkage between groups (UPGMA). The inference of genetic groups in the individuals of the population was made using a Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) approach. Were selected 166 individuals, each tree it had the georeferential location (by GPS) and it was characterized dendometrically (DBH and total height). All loci presented polymorphism and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 9. The mean value of PIC was informative (0.72), the expected and observed mean heterozygosity values were 0.76 and 0.74 respectively, and the ratio of these values generated negative fixation indexes (FIS) at some loci, indicating the excess of heterozygotes in the population, for the Acol 18 and Acol 18 loci, the values were positive. The genetic diversity (H ') had values equal to the expected proportion of heterozygotes (He) - 0.76, showing that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allelic richness was on average 7.64 alleles per loco. The dii 'estimates were 100% in 89 access pairs and the lowest dii' value was between 82 and 83 individuals (7.14%). The dendrogram obtained by the UPGMA method shows that the population is structured in 6 groups, and the analysis by Bayesian approach confirms that the population is structured in only 2 genetic groups (K = 2). By means of these two methods it is possible the orientation for selection of individuals with smaller or greater genetic variability, thus obtaining lots of seeds with good genetic variability for a future seed orchardO desenvolvimento de uma espécie florestal objetivando a produção em plantios demanda trabalhos de pré melhoramento genético e o desenvolvimento de técnicas silviculturais e de manejo. A obtenção de informações que revelem os níveis de diversidade genética, bem como os processos que a mantém, torna-se necessária quando se deseja praticar medidas conservacionistas e de melhoramento genético. Conhecer e entender como a diversidade genética está estruturada no espaço geográfico contribui para o entendimento sobre a história evolutiva e a dinâmica populacional das espécies. Para a maioria das espécies ocorrentes do Bioma da Floresta Atlântica ainda é escasso o conhecimento a respeito de diversidade genética para possíveis programas de melhoramento, assim este trabalho tem como objetivo gerar informações sobre a variabilidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (angico-vermelho), estabelecidos em uma área de floresta plantada na região sul do Espírito Santo, por meio de marcadores moleculares. Amostras de tecido foliar de cada planta foram utilizadas para a extração e purificação de DNA. O registro dos dados moleculares foi feito a partir de polimorfismos dos produtos de PCR entre genótipos, detectados por eletroforese de poliacrilamida 10%. Foram utilizados 6 marcadores moleculares SSR e para cada loco foram calculados o número, riqueza e frequência de alelos, frequências e distribuições genotípicas, desvios do equilíbrio de Hardy-Weinberg e o índice de fixação (F). Os valores de similaridade genética entre indivíduos na população foram estimados por meio do quadrado da distância Euclidiana média a partir dos dados moleculares. As estimativas de dissimilaridade genética (dii) foram feitas de acordo com o complemento aritmético do coeficiente de coincidência simples e organizadas em matrizes, para se empregar na análise de agrupamento pela ligação média entre grupos (UPGMA). A inferência de grupos genéticos, nos indivíduos da população, foi feita com uma abordagem Bayesiana Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC). Ao todo foram selecionados 166 indivíduos, cada árvore teve sua localização georreferenciada (GPS) e caracterizada dendometricamente (DAP e altura total). Todos os locos apresentaram polimorfismo e o número de alelos por loco variou de 4 a 9. O valor médio de PIC foi informativo (0,72), os valores de heterozigosidade média esperada e observada foram 0,76 e 0,74 respectivamente, e a relação desses valores gerou índices de fixação (FIS) negativos em alguns loci, indicando o excesso de heterozigotos na população, para os locos Acol 18 e Acol 18, os valores foram positivos. A diversidade gênica (H) obtivera valores iguais aos da proporção esperada de heterozigotos (He) 0,76, mostrando que a população está em Equilíbrio de Hardy-Weinberg. A riqueza alélica foi em média de 7,64 alelos por loco. As estimativas de dii foi de 100% em 89 pares de acessos e o menor valor de dii foi entre os indivíduos 82 e 83 (7,14%). O dendrograma obtido pelo método de UPGMA nos mostra que a população está estruturada em 6 grupos, já a análise por abordagem Bayesiana, confirma que a população está estruturada em apenas 2 grupos genéticos (K=2). Por meio destes dois métodos é possível a orientação para seleção de indivíduos com menor ou maior variabilidade genética, logo obtenção de lotes de sementes com boa variabilidade genética para um futuro pomar de sementes.Texthttp://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7842porUniversidade Federal do Espírito SantoMestrado em Genética e MelhoramentoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Genética e MelhoramentoUFESBRRed AngicoGenetic conservationMicrosatellite markersOrchard seedAngico vermelhoConservação genéticaMarcadores microssatéPomar de sementesAngico-de-caroçoPlantas - Melhoramento genéticoPlantas - EvoluçãoPlantas - Adubos e fertilizantesSolos - FertilidadeMelhoramento Vegetal631.523Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)instname:Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)instacron:UFESORIGINALtese_10264_Dissertação Final Maressa Albuquerque Cortelete.pdfapplication/pdf1550686http://repositorio.ufes.br/bitstreams/3b894ea2-5ea9-45a1-9120-0905abc135be/download31f8ddc7eadae68c8d091a86e3a95406MD5110/78422024-06-24 10:17:35.431oai:repositorio.ufes.br:10/7842http://repositorio.ufes.brRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.ufes.br/oai/requestopendoar:21082024-06-24T10:17:35Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santo |
title |
Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santo |
spellingShingle |
Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santo Cortelete, Maressa Albuquerque Red Angico Genetic conservation Microsatellite markers Orchard seed Angico vermelho Conservação genética Marcadores microssaté Pomar de sementes Melhoramento Vegetal Angico-de-caroço Plantas - Melhoramento genético Plantas - Evolução Plantas - Adubos e fertilizantes Solos - Fertilidade 631.523 |
title_short |
Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santo |
title_full |
Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santo |
title_fullStr |
Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santo |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santo |
title_sort |
Diversidade genética de Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em área de plantio no sul do Espírito Santo |
author |
Cortelete, Maressa Albuquerque |
author_facet |
Cortelete, Maressa Albuquerque |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Caldeira, Marcos Vinicius Winckler |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Miranda, Fábio Demolinari de |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Cortelete, Maressa Albuquerque |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Rosado, Carla Cristina Gonçalves |
contributor_str_mv |
Caldeira, Marcos Vinicius Winckler Miranda, Fábio Demolinari de Rosado, Carla Cristina Gonçalves |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Red Angico Genetic conservation Microsatellite markers Orchard seed |
topic |
Red Angico Genetic conservation Microsatellite markers Orchard seed Angico vermelho Conservação genética Marcadores microssaté Pomar de sementes Melhoramento Vegetal Angico-de-caroço Plantas - Melhoramento genético Plantas - Evolução Plantas - Adubos e fertilizantes Solos - Fertilidade 631.523 |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Angico vermelho Conservação genética Marcadores microssaté Pomar de sementes |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
Melhoramento Vegetal |
dc.subject.br-rjbn.none.fl_str_mv |
Angico-de-caroço Plantas - Melhoramento genético Plantas - Evolução Plantas - Adubos e fertilizantes Solos - Fertilidade |
dc.subject.udc.none.fl_str_mv |
631.523 |
description |
The development of a forest species aiming the production in plantations demands works of pre-breeding and the development of silvicultural techniques. Obtaining information that reveals the levels of genetic diversity, as well as the processes that maintain it, is necessary when it is desired to practice conservation and breeding measures. Knowing and understanding how genetic diversity is structured in geographic space contributes to the understanding of the evolutionary history and the population dynamics of the species. For most of the species of the Atlantic Forest Biome, there is still little knowledge about genetic diversity for possible breeding programs, so this work aims to generate information about the genetic variability of Anadenanthera peregrina (angico-vermelho), established in an area of planted forest in the southern region of Espírito Santo, through molecular markers. Leaf tissue samples from each plant were used for the extraction and purification of the DNA. The molecular data record was made from polymorphisms of the PCR products among genotypes, detected by 10% polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Six SSR molecular markers were used and the number, richness and frequency of alleles, frequencies and genotypic distributions, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium deviations and fixation index (F) were calculated for each locus. The values of genetic similarity between individuals in the population were estimated by the square of the mean Euclidean distance from the molecular data. Estimates of genetic dissimilarity (dii ') were made according to the arithmetic complement of the simple coincidence coefficient and organized into matrices, to be used in cluster analysis by the mean linkage between groups (UPGMA). The inference of genetic groups in the individuals of the population was made using a Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) approach. Were selected 166 individuals, each tree it had the georeferential location (by GPS) and it was characterized dendometrically (DBH and total height). All loci presented polymorphism and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 9. The mean value of PIC was informative (0.72), the expected and observed mean heterozygosity values were 0.76 and 0.74 respectively, and the ratio of these values generated negative fixation indexes (FIS) at some loci, indicating the excess of heterozygotes in the population, for the Acol 18 and Acol 18 loci, the values were positive. The genetic diversity (H ') had values equal to the expected proportion of heterozygotes (He) - 0.76, showing that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allelic richness was on average 7.64 alleles per loco. The dii 'estimates were 100% in 89 access pairs and the lowest dii' value was between 82 and 83 individuals (7.14%). The dendrogram obtained by the UPGMA method shows that the population is structured in 6 groups, and the analysis by Bayesian approach confirms that the population is structured in only 2 genetic groups (K = 2). By means of these two methods it is possible the orientation for selection of individuals with smaller or greater genetic variability, thus obtaining lots of seeds with good genetic variability for a future seed orchard |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2016-08-30 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2018-08-01T22:57:28Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2018-08-01 2018-08-01T22:57:28Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7842 |
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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7842 |
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Text |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento |
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UFES |
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BR |
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento |
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Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes) |
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